AeI?I?IIAO?IANUeEEE AeA?AEAAIEE OI?AA?NEOAO
OAeE
620.181:669.27+669.28
Ia i?aaao ?oeiieno
AeI?IAAIUe OAOssIA AAAAI?AIA
OACIA? IA?AOAI?AIIss A AEAEO?IINAAeAEAIEO NIEAAAO
IIE?AAeAIA ? AIEUeO?AIA
Niaoe?aeueiinoue 01.04.07 – oiceea oaa?aeiai oiea
Aaoi?aoa?ao aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai
nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa oiceei-iaoaiaoe/ieo iaoe
Aeiii?iiao?ianuee-1999
Aeena?oaoeiy ? ?oeiien. ?iaioa aeeiiaia a Aeiii?iiao?ianueeiio
aea?aeaaiiio oiiaa?neoaoi.
Iaoeiai ea?iaieee:
aeieoi? oaoii/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?, i?ioani? eaoaae?e iaoaeioiceee
Aeiii?iiao?ianueeiai aea?aeaaiiai oiiaa?neoaoo Nie?eaeiiiaa
?.I.,
aeieoi? oaoii/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?, i?ioani? eaoaae?e iaoaeioiceee
Aei?i?iiao?ianueeiai aea?aeaaiiai oi?aa?neoaoo
Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe:
aeieoi? o?ceei-iaoaiaoe/ieo iaoe, ipioanip Aipiaeia A.I., aaaeo/ee
iaoeiaee ni?a?ia?oiee Oeaio?aeueii? eaai?aoi??? aenia?eiaioaeueieo
aeine?aeaeaiue I?eaei?i?ianueei? aea?aeaaii? aeaaeai?? aoae?aieoeoaa ?
a?o?oaeoo?e, i. Aei?i?iiao?ianuee,
aeieoi? oaoi?/ieo iaoe, i?ioani? Caaeoaeianueeee A.A., i?ioani? eaoaae?e
o?ceee Aei?i?iiao?ianueeiai aea?aeaaiiai oaoi?/iiai oi?aa?neoaoo
cae?cie/iiai o?ainii?oo, i.Aei?i?iiao?ianuee
I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa: ?inoeooo iaoaeio?ceee ?i. A.A.Eo?aethiiaa IAI
Oe?a?ie, i.Ee?a, a?aeae?e epenoae?caoe??
Caoeno a?aeaoaeaoueny: 19 eenoiiaaea 1999?. ia can?aeaii?
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae 08.051.02 Aei?i?iiao?ianueeiai
aea?aeaaiiai oi?aa?neoaoo ca aae?anith:320625,i.Aei?i?iiao?ianuee,
i?ia. Iaoeiaee 13, ei?i.11, aoae.300 , i 13 aiaeei?.
C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue o iaoeiaie aiaeiioaoei
Aei?i?iiao?ianueeiai
aea?aeaaiiai oiiaa?neoaoo
Aaoi?aoa?ao ?icineaiee ” 19 ” aeiaoiy 1999 ?.
A/aiee nae?aoa?
NIE?EAeIIIAA ?.I.
niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaeeCAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE
Aeooaeuei?noue oaie aeine?aeaeaiiy. No/ania ae??oaiiy aaaaoueio
oaoii/ieo i?iaeai aeiaaa? canoinoaaiiy iiaeo iaoa??ae?a, cie?aia nieaa?a
c oaeineiiaeaieie aeanoeainoyie. Aaaeeeao ?ieue o ?ica`ycaii? oe???
caaea/e a?ae?apa? iaea?aeaiiy aeaeo?ie?oe/ieo nieaa?a. Aeaeo?ie?oe/i?
nieaae iiaeooue iaoe ia??aiiaaaeio no?oeoo?o ? o?ceei-o?i?/i?
aeanoeaino?, ye? caeaaeaoue a?ae oiia epenoae?caoe?? ? a?ae??ciythoueny
a?ae aeanoeainoae iaoa??ae?a, iaea?aeaieo ?ioeie caniaaie. I?eeeaaeaie
a?aeoeeaiue a?ae ??aiiaaae ? oi?ioaaiiy ia?ane/aieo oaa?aeeo ?ic/ei?a
oa oac, ye? aeieeathoue o?eueee i?e i?aeaeuaieo oaiia?aoo?ao. O
aeaeo?ieioe/ieo nieaaao iiaeia aeyaeoe oaeiae iaoanoaa?euei? oace, yeeo
iaia? ia ??aiiaaaeieo ae?aa?aiao noai?a.
Iaoai?ci oi?ioaaiiy ia??aiiaaaeieo no?oeoo? i?ae /an
aeaeo?ie?enoae?caoe??, aea/aiee iaaeinoaoiuei. Uia iaea?aeaoe nieaae c
caaaeaieie aeanoeainoyie iaiao?aeii aeyaeoe caeiiii??iino? aieeao oiia
aeaeo?ie?co ia oaciaee neeaae oa ia?aiao?e oiiei? no?oeoo?e
iiepeoo?a, anoaiiaeoe iaoai?ci oa e?iaoeeo ci?i oaciaiai neeaaeo oa
aeanoeainoae nieaaia.
Iniaeeao oaaao ipeaapoa? iaea?aeaiiy nieaaia Fe, Co, Ni c Mo, W o
ca`yceo c oei, ui iiaeaeuaiiy aeaeopiiii? eiioeaiopaoei? ca paooiie
eaaoaaiiy aaaaoiaaeaioieie iaoaeaie c uieueieie noaaieueieie
oiaeiaeaie icia/a? iiaeaeuaiiy aiapai? iaoaeaaiai ca`yceo, a oiio – i
oapaeoapenoee iioeiinoi apaoee oa oapii/ii? noaaieueiinoi. Iaianaiiy
oaeeo nieaaia a yeinoi caoenieo iie?eooia ia? aeiiiii/ii oa
eiino?oeoeieii ia?aaaae i aeicaiey? caiuaaeeoe eiooiaio ne?iaeio.
Iaoa ?iaioe: iaea?aeaiiy aenieiyeinieo iiepeooia aeaeo?ieioe/ieie
nieaaaie iieiaaeaio i aieueopaio c iaoaeaie apoie caeica, yei iathoue
oeiiii oiceei-oiii/ii aeanoeainoi (aenieo eipicieio noieeinoue,
ciininoieeinoue oa oapii/io noaaieueiinoue ). O ca’yceo c oeei
iaiaoiaeii:
1. Aecia/eoe iaeanoi inioaaiiy (-oaapaeeo pic/eiia, iioapiaoaeiaeieo
oa aiipoieo oac o nieaaao Fe-W, Fe-Mo, Co-W, Co-Mo, Ni-W, Ni-Mo.
2. Anoaiiaeoe iaoaiici i eiiaoeeo oaciaeo iapaoaipaiue iiae /an ciiie
eiioeaiopaoei? eaaoth/iai aeaiaioa.
3. C’ynoaaoe ciiie oaciaiai neeaaeo a nieaaao c iapiaiiaaaeiith
nopoeoopith aianeiaeie oapii/ii? paeaenaoe??.
Iaoeiaa iiaecia. Aia?oa ipiaaaeaii aeineiaeaeaiiy oaciaiai neeaaeo
nieaaia aieueo?aia oa iieiaaeaia c iaoaeaie a?oie caeica a oepieiio
iioapaaei eiioeaiopaoeie eiiiiiaioia, anoaiiaeaii iniaeeainoi
eiiaoeee i?ioeano e?enoaeicaoei? iiae /an ciiie oaciaiai neeaaeo oeeo
nieaaia. I?iaaaeaii ii?iaiyiiy no?oeoo?e nieaaia, iaea?aeaieo iaoiaeii
caaa?ooaaiiy ?icieaao c aenieeie oaeaeeinoyie ioieiaeaeaiiy oa iaoiaeii
aeaeo?ieioe/iiai inaaeaeaiiy.
Aianeiaeie ipiaaaeaieo aeineiaeaeaiue aiapoa aeiaeaeaii, ui:
1.A oiiaao aeaeopiepenoaeicaoei? o nenoaiao Ni-W,Co-W, Fe-W, Fe-Mo
ipe aeinyaiaiii iaaei pic/eiiinoi Mo,W o iaoaeao apoie caeica ca
piaiiaaaeiith aeiaapaiith noaiia aaeueio?oueny aeaeieaiiy piaiiaaaeieo
iioapiaoaeiaeieo oac i picaeoie aeaeueiueiai iipyaeeo . Aeieea? aiipoia
oaca, yea cai?ua? epenoaei/iee oaapaeee pic/ei. Iiae /an iapaoiaeo
aiae nopoeoope (-oaapaeiai pic/eio aei aiipoii? a oiiaao
aeaeopiepenoaeicaoe?? aiaeaoaa?oueny cia/ia iiaeaeuaiiy iai?oaeaiiy ia
eaoiae oa ciaioaiiy oaeaeeinoi oipioaaiiy iiepeooia. Oipioaaiiy
aiipoiiai noaio noipiaiaeaeo?oueny aeieeiaiiyi iaoanoaaieueieo
iioapiaoaeiaeieo oac.
2. Oapii/iee piciaae aiipoieo oac o aeineiaeaeaieo nenoaiao ipe
850-950E aiaeaoaa?oueny /apac noaaeith aeaeieaiiy iaoanoaaieueieo
oac c apaoeith oeio DI19, aeecueeeo aei niieo/aiiy Ni3W, oa noaaeith
ooaipaiiy piaiiaaaeieo oac ipe 990-1030 E. B nieaaao Ni-W, aeecueeeo
ca neeaaeii aei piaiiaaaeiiai iioapiaoaeiaeo Co3W, noaaeiy ooaipaiiy
iaoanoaaieueii? oace aiaenooiy.
3. Cai?iiiiiaaii iaoiaeeeo ioe?iee oiia i?aeaoiiii? aca?iiae??
eiiiiiaio?a aeaeo?ie?oe/ieo nieaa?a Mo, W ca aeiiiiiaith ii??aiyiiy
noie iioaioe?ae?a ?ii?caoe?? aaeaioieo aeaeo?ii?a ia iiaenoaai oyaeaiue
ipi pieue ianiapiaaieo 3d-aeaeopiiia iaoaeo apoie caeica o oipioaaiii
aeaeopieioe/ieo nieaaia Mo,W. Aeeiiaii picpaooiee iaeaieueoi?
eiioeaiopaoei? aieueopaio a aeaeo?iinaaeaeaieo nieaaao, caiaeii c yeeie
?ic/eiiinoue eaaoth/iai aeaiaioa caieueoo?oueny aiae nieaaia Ni aei
nieaaia Fe.
I?aeoe/ia oe?ii?noue ?iaioe. ?acoeueoaoe aeineiaeaeaiiy
aeicaieythoue ipiaiicoaaoe oaciaee neeaae oa aeanoeainoi nieaaia
iieiaaeaia oa aieueopaia, ui iepaneth? aeieueieoeth ?o ipaeoe/iiai
canoinoaaiiy. Aeiaeaeaii niinia oi?ioaaiiy aii?oieo aeaeo?ieioe/ieo
nieaaia aieueo?aia c iaoaeaie apoie caeica, a oaeiae ciininoieeeo
nieaaia iieiaaeaia i aieueo?ai ia iniiai o?iio, yei iiaeaeuothoue
noieeinoue ipieaoiiai iicopoiaioo. Caipiiiiiaaii eaoiiiiaeoeaiee
aeiaeaiie ic eeano aenieiiieaeoeypieo aiiiiniieoe-“Benieieeiey/i
opaeoe?? aiaeoiaeia aepiaieoeoaa iipoieiio”, yeee nipey? iiaepiaiaiith
epenoaei/ii? nopoeoope nieaa?a Ni-Mo oa ooaipaiith aiipoiiai noaio o
nenoaii Ni-W. ?ic?iaee ?aaeiciaaii ia AAO “Iieiiieuenueeee
Iiaaeaiiio?oaiee caaiae” aeey iiaeaioiaee ipieaoiiai iino?oiaioo.
Iaea?aeaii 1 aaoi?nueea na?aeioeoai ? 2 ??oaiiy i?i aeaea/o iaoaio?a
Oe?a?ie.
Ai?iaaoeiy ?iaioe oa ioaeieaoei?. Iniiaii ?acoeueoaoe, yei aeeeaaeaii a
aeena?oaoe??, aeiiiaiaeaeenue ia: 1 Ananithciiio naieia?? “No?oeoo?a ?
iaoai?/i? aeanoeaino? aeaeo?ie?oe/ieo iie?eoo?a” – Oieueyoo?, 1979; 11
?anioae?eainuee?e eiioa?aioe?? ii ei?ic?? oa aioeei?ic?eiiio caoenoo
iaoae?a – Aei?i?iiao?ianuee, 1981; 4 Ananithci?e eiioa?aioe?? ii
e?enoaeio?i?? ?ioa?iaoae?/ieo niieo/aiue- Euea?a, 1983; 4 Ananithci?e
eiioa?aioe?? c aeaeo?io?i?? – Iineaa, 1982; 3 ?anioae?eainuee?e
iaoeiai-oaoi?/i?e eiioa?aioe?? “O?i?/ia ? aeaeo?io?i?/ia ia?iaea
i?ieaoa”- Aei?i?iiao?ianuee, 1983; Ananithci?e iaoeia?e eiioa?aioe??
“I?iaeaie aeine?aeaeaiiy aii?oieo iaoaeaaeo nieaa?a”- Iineaa,1984;
O?aeuenuee?e ciiaeuei?e eiioa?aioe?? “Iia? oaoi?/i? ieth/? caniae ? IA?
o ai?iouea? ca aeiiii?th iaoaeo”- Ooa, 1983.
Iniiaii iieiaeaiiy aeena?oaoeieii? ?iaioe aiaeia?aaeaii o 5 iaoeiaeo
piaioao.
No?oeoo?a oa ianya aeena?oaoeieii? ?iaioe. Aeena?oaoe?y neeaaea?oueny
ic anooio, oinoe ?icaeieia oa aeniiaeia. Ciino aeena?oaoe?? aeeeaaeaii
ia 162 coi?., aiia iinoeoue 65 iaethieia, 25 oaaeeoeue,
ia?aeie eioa?aoo?e c 148 iaca, aeiaeaoee.
No?oeoo?a oa ianya aeena?oaoeieii? ?iaioe. Aeena?oaoe?y neeaaea?oueny
ic anooio, oinoe ?icaeieia oa aeniiaeia. Ciino aeena?oaoe?? aeeeaaeaii
ia 161 coi?., aiia i?noeoue 65 iaethieia, 21 oaaeeoeth, ia?aeie
eioa?aoo?e ic 148 iaca, aeiaeaoee.
EI?IOEEE CI?NO ?IAIOE
O anooii iaa?oioiaaii aeooaeueiinoue oaie i noi?ioeueiaaii iaoo oa
caaaeaiiy ?iaioe, ioapaeoapeciaaii iaoeiao iiaecio oa i?aeoe/io
oeiiiinoue.
O ia?oie aeaai ?icaeyiooi caeiiiii?iinoi ooai?aiiy oac o
oaeaeeicaaapoiaaieo oa aeaeopieioe/ieo nieaaao c iiaeyaeo aeaeo?iiii?
oai??? iaoae?a i nieaaia, i?iaiaeiciaaii aieea oiia e?enoaeicaoe?? ia
oaciaee neeaae. ?icaeyiooi iaoeia? a?iioace uiaei oiia, ye? ni?eythoue
ooai?aiith aii?oiiai noaio a nieaaao i?ae /an ia??aiiaaaeii?
e?enoae?caoe??, cie?aia i?e aeaeo?io?i?/iiio a?aeiiaeaii? .
Iaaaaeaii aeaii ipi ooai?aiiy iaoanoaaieueieo noaiia a nieaaao
iieiaaeaia i aieueo?aia c iaoaeaie a?oie caeica, yei aoei iaea?aeaii
iaoiaeaie caaa?ooaaiiy ?icieaao c aenieeie oaeaeeinoyie ioieiaeaeaiiy
? aeaeo?ie?enoaeicaoe??. A?aenooi?noue caaaeueii? oai??? ci?ie
oaciaiai neeaaeo aeaeo?iinaaeaeaieo nieaa?a i?ae ae??th ia?aiao??a
aeaeo?ie?co iaaea? aeooaeuei?noue i?iaaaeaiiio aeine?aeaeaiith. Ia
iiaenoaai eioa?aoo?ieo aeaieo ie?aneaia iaoa piaioe oa oeyoe ??
aeinyaiaiiy.
O ae?oaie aeaai iaa?oioiaaii aea?? iaoa?iae?a oa iaoiae?a
aeineiaeaeaiue. Aeey iaea?aeaiiy aeaeo?ieioe/ieo nieaaia canoiniaoaaee
aiaeii aeaeo?ieioe, ye caaacia/othoue aenieo eiioeaio?aoeith iieiaaeaio
i aieueo?aio a nieaai , oea aiaei? ?ic/eie nieae eiiiiiaio?a nieaao c
aeiaeaoeaie eeiiiii?, aeiii? eeneio oa ii?ioinoaoo iao?iy.
Aeaeo?ie?oe/ia inaaeaeaiiy a oaeeo oiiaao caaacia/o? oi?ioaaiiy
iie?eoo?a i?e ?noioieo ia?aiai?oaeaiiyo ia eaoiae?, a oiio – ? i?e
cia/ieo a?aeoeeaiiyo a?ae ??aiiaaaeieo oiia. Iniaeea?noue
iaoiaeieia?/iiai i?aeoiaeo aei i?iaeaie aeine?aeaeaiiy aeaeo?ie?oe/ieo
iie?eoo?a iieyaa? o eiiieaeniiio aea/aii? ye e?iaoeee
aeaeo?ie?enoae?caoe??, oae ? no?oeoo?e ? aeanoeainoae iaea?aeaieo
nieaa?a. E?iaoeeo aecia/athoue oae? ia?aiao?e, ye u?euei?noue no?oio,
eiioeaio?aoe?y o aeaeo?ie?o? ?ii?a aiaeith, iai?oaeaiiy ia eaoiae?. Oiio
i?ae /an oi?ioaaiiy iie?eoo?a aeeiioaaee caiipe iaipoaeaiiy ia eaoiaei
aiaeiinii ii?iaiyeueiiai aeaeo?iaea oa aecia/aee oaeaee?noue aeaeieaiiy
?a/iaeie (ii ieoiiiio caieueoaiith aaae c?acea iiae /an
aeaeo?ieico). Caaaeyee c(ynoaaiith aecia/aeueii? ?ie? iai?oaeaiiy ia
eaoiae? ye oaeoi?a, ea?oth/iai oaciaei neeaaeii, ni?inoeeiny
iaea?aeaiiy aeaeo?iinaaeaeaieo nieaa?a iie?aaeaio ? aieueo?aio c
iaaiith no?oeoo?ith ? aeanoeainoyie.
O ca’yceo c oei, ui iaaiee ?ioa?an aeeeeea? no?oeoo?a nieaa?a ,
iaea?aeaieo ??cieie iaoiaeaie ia??aiiaaaeii? e?enoae?caoe?? , aeey
oi?ioaaiiy oaeaeeicaaa?oiaaieo nieaa?a aoei canoiniaaii
eaoaioeueooaaiiy e?aie? ?icieaao no?oieiith aae?th i?ae oeneii 4-5
aoiinoa? ia iiaa?oith oeee?iae?a c i?ae?, yeee iaa?oaany c? oaeaee?noth
8000 ia./ oa. Oaeaee?noue ioieiaeaeaiiy ioe?ithaaee ia i?aenoaa?
cai???a oiaueie ie?aee .
Aiaeic neeaaeo nieaaia aeeiioaaee ca iaoiaeii eeneioiiai aiae?ieico c
ia`?iiei o?eeiiiiao?i/iei aai eaei?eiao?i/iei caeii/aiiyi, a oaeiae ia
?aioaaiianueeiio iie?iaiaeicaoi??. Ioe?ieo ai?noo a aeaeo?iinaaeaeaieo
nieaaao iaiaoaeaaeo aeeth/aiue ( eenith, aiaeith, acioo oa aoaeaoeth)
aoei aeeiiaii ca aeiiiiiaith iaoiaeo aaeooiieaaeaiiy ia aaciaiae?caoi?ao
o??ie LECO.
Aeey aeine?aeaeaiiy no?oeoo?e nieaaia aeei?enoiaoaaee oaei iaoiaee:
iaoaeiapaoi/iee, aeaeo?iiii-iie?ineiii/iee, Iannaaoa??anueeee
?aciiainiee iaoiae, aeeoa?aioeiaeueii-oa?ii/iee aiaeic. sse aieiaiee
iaoiae aeineiaeaeaiue oaciaiai neeaaeo canoiniaoaaee
?aioaaiino?oeoo?iee aiaeic. Iiieeea a aecia/aiii iapiiaeo epenoaei/ii?
apaoee neeaaeaea 0,0002 ii. Oaciaee aiae?c nieaa?a aeeiioaaee oeyoii
ii??aiyiiy i?aeieiueiieo a?aenoaiae oac c e?oa?aoo?ieie aeaieie aai ca
aeiiiiiaith a?ao?/ieo oa aiae?oe/ieo iaoiae?a. Ia?aiao?e oiiei?
no?oeoo?e ?ic?aoiaaii ca iaoiaeaie iiiaioia oa ai?ieneiaoe?? aeey 2-3
c?aceia. Aeaeo?iiii-iie?ineiii/ii aeineiaeaeaiiy aeeiioaaee ia
OAIA-100A, AS-500, JSM-35. Aeey ei?icieieo oa iiey?ecaoeieieo
aei?iaoaaiue canoiniaoaaee iioaioeiinoao I-5827. Oei aeineiaeaeaiiy
aeeiiaii aaoipii ia eaoaae?i caoenoo iaoaeia aiae ei?ic?? oa ii?ioeiai?
iaoaeo?a?? Aeiii?iiao?ianueei? iaoaeo?aieii? aeaaeai??.
C iaoith iiooeo oiia aeey iaea?aeaiiy iioeiaeueiiai neeaaeo
aeaeo?iinaaeaeaieo nieaa?a c aenieei ai?noii aieueo?aio ? ei?ic?eiith
no?ee?noth canoiniaoaaee iaoiae iaoaiaoe/iiai ieaioaaiiy aenia?eiaioo.
Oea aeicaieeei iaea?aeaoe ??aiyiiy ?aa?an??, yea oa?aeoa?eco? aieea
ia?aiao??a aeaeo?ie?co ia neeaae ? aeanoeaino? iie?eoo?a.
O opaoie aeaai ?icaeyiooi no?oeoo?o eeoeo nieaa?a Ni-W, Ni-Mo a
caeaaeiino? a?ae oaeaeeino? ioieiaeaeaiiy ? oaiia?aoo?e ia?aa??ao
?icieaao, ipiaaaeaii ocaaaeueiaiiy aeaieo aiaeiinii oaciaiai neeaaeo
oaeaeeicaaapoiaaieo nieaaia iieiaaeaio oa aieueopaio c iaoaeaie apoie
caeica.
I?e e?enoaeicaoe?? c? oaeaee?noth ioieiaeaeaiiy 107-108 E/n
ooaipthaaeenue neeueiiiapane/aii oaapaei pic/eie ia iniiai iaoaeo
apoie caeica. Pic/eiiinoue Mo,W iapaaieueooaaea iaeneiaeueio piaiiaaaeio
pic/eiiinoue ca aeiaapaiith noaiia; aaeueioaaeiny aeaeieaiiy
iieiiapoaioieo oac ca aeiyoeii nenoaie Ni-Mo; o nenoaiao ia iniiai
iieaey i?e e?enoaeicaoe?? c picieaao ci oaeaeeinoth ioieiaeaeaiiy
107-108 E/n aiae 2200 E aeieeaee iaoanoaaieueii (-oace c IOeE oa
IOe-oaopaaiiaeueiith nopoeoopith; oe? oace aoei oaeiae cao?eniaai?
aiane?aeie ?cioa?i?/iiai a?aeiaeaiiy nieaa?a Ni-Mo ( aei 35 ao. % Ii )
i?e 873 E. I?e ioieiaeaeaii? ?icieaao c iaioeie oaeaeeinoyie
a?aecia/aii aeae?eaiiy ??aiiaaaeieo oac.
Ooai?aiiy aii?oiiai noaio a oaeaeeicaaa?oiaaieo nieaaao aeine?aeaeaieo
nenoai ia aeyaeaii Eiioeaiopaoeieii iioapaaee oac iicia/aii a oaaeeoei
1.
eo?ie?enoae?caoe?? ia ?ioa?aae ?nioaaiiy oaapaeeo pic/eiia ia iniiai
iaoaea apoie caeica, ia?aiao?e oiiei? no?oeoo?e oa iipoieiaith pinoo
iiaeaieieo nieaaia iieiaaeaio ? aieueopaio. Aecia/aii, ui ye o
aeaeo?ieioe/ieo nieaaao, oae i o oaeaeeicaaapoiaaieo, iiae /an
caaaa/aiiy nieaaia iieiaaeaiii (aieueopaiii) i cpinoaiiy iaipoaeaiiy ia
eaoiaei aiaeaoaa?oueny picoe?aiiy aeieueieoei inioaaiiy oaa?aeeo
?ic/eiia aiaeiinii piaiiaaaeii? aeiaapaie. Iapane/aiiy oaapaeiai
pic/eio ciaioo?oueny aiae nieaaia ia iniiai iieaey aei nieaaia
caeica .Ci caieueoaiiyi eiioeaio?aoe?? iieiaaeaio i aieueo?aio o
oaa?aeiio ?ic/eii ciaioothoueny iaeano? eiaapaioiiai picniyiiy oa
cpinoathoue iiepiniioaipaiiy epenoaei/ii? apaoee . Aiie caeaaeaoue
oaeiae aiae caeaoiinoi iaoaeo iiaeeiaoe aiaeaiue. Inoaiiy c?inoa? a
pyaeo aiae caeica aei iieaeth.
Iiaeia ae?icieoe oaei aeieyiee oaciaiai neeaaeo aeaeopieioe/ieo
nieaaia Ni-W, Co-W, Fe-W, Fe-Mo:
1. Nieaae ci nopoeoopith oaapaeiai pic/eio ia iniiai iaoaeo apoie
caeica, aea iiaeooue aooe ipenooii aeiiioee iaiiaiinoth aiaeiiaeaieo
niieoe aieueopaio oa iieiaaeaio.
2. Nieaae, aea niia?niothoue oaca oaa?aeiai ?ic/eio ci neeaaeii, yeee
iaaeeaea?oueny aei iaeneiaeueii? ?ic/eiiino? W oa Ii ca piaiiaaaeiith
aeiaa?aiith, oa aii?oia oaca neeaaeo 22-25 ao.% Oaaeeoey 1 .
Eiioeaio?aoe?y iie?aaeaio ? aieueo?aio (ao.%) o oaa?aeiio ?ic/ei? ?
aii?oi?e oac?
Nenoaia Iaeneiaeueia ??aiiaaaeia ?ic/eii?noue Iaeneiaeueia
?ic/eii?noue o aeaeo?ie?oe/ieo iie?eooyo
Ai?no iie?aaeaio, aieueo?aio o aii?oi?e oac?
Ai?no Mo,W o a?aeiia?aeiiio oaa?aeiio ?ic/ei?
??aiiaaaei? ?ioa?iaoae?aei?niieoee
Nmn
Iaeneiaeueia ?ic/eii?noue o oaeaeeicaaa?oiaaieo nieaaao
Ni-W
16.4
20.8
21.0-30.5
16.8
Ni4W
5.32
26.3
Co-W 16.5 20.1 22.0-45.5 16.0 Co3W,Co7W6 4.03 24.5
Fe-W 13.0 15.7 22.0-50.7 13.9 Fe2W,Fe3W2 2.96 20.8
FeMo 26.0 20.8 20.8-60.4 19.3 Fe2Mo,Fe7Mo6,FeMo 2.53 27.9
Ni-Mo 27.0 30.4 – – Ni4Mo,Ni3Mo,NiMo 4.55 37.4
Co-Mo 17.0 53.7 – – Co9Mo2,Co3Mo,
Co7Mo6,Co2Mo3
3.44 25.0
Oaaeeoey 2. Iaoanoaaieueii niieoee, ui noipiaiaeaeothoue ooai?aiiy ?
?iciaae aii?oii? oace
Nenoaia Oaca Oei apaoee Ia?aiao?e apaoee,ii
Ni-W (( IOeE a=0,455
No-W ( aaenaaiiaeueia a=0,391;n=0,341;n/a=0,87
Co-W ( oao?aaiiaeueia a=0,362;n=0,463;n/a=1,28
Fe-W ( aaenaaiiaeueia a=0,489;n=0,337;n/a=0,69
Fe-Mo ( AOeE a=0,614
Mo,W. Aeiey inoaiiuei? a iie?eooyo iiaeaeuo?oueny aei oiai /ano,
eiee aoaea aeinyaiooi nooeieueii aii?oiee noai. Oaei oaciai
iapaoaipaiiy noi?iaiaeaeothoueny aeieeiaiiyi iaoanoaaieueieo oac, ui
iaaaaeaii o oaaeeoei 2.
3. Nooeieueii aii?oiee noai, aea eiioeaiopaoeiy eaaoth/iai aeaiaioa
iiaeaeuo?ouecy aei iaaieo cia/aiue, iiney /iai aeaeieaiiy nieaaia
ipeieiy?oueny ( oaaeeoey1).
O aeaeopieioe/ieo nieaaao Ni-Mo oa Co-Mo aiipoiee noai ia
aoei caoieniaaii. I?e iiaeaeuaiii aiinoo iieiaaeaio a nieaaao Ni-Ii
aiaeaoaa?oueny ia?aoiae aiae AIO – oaa?aeiai ?ic/eio aei iiai? oace ,
yeo iiaeia iioapipaooaaoe ye oaapaeee pic/ei c aeaoipiiaaiith AOeE –
epenoaei/iith ?ao?oeith.
?ioa?oa?aioeieii ooieoe?? aii?oieo nieaaia Ni-W oa Co-W aeyaeeeny
iiaeiaieie aei ooieoeie nieaaia Ni-P, Co-P ic aeiaeaoeiaei aenooiii
ia ae?oaiio iaeneioii ci noi?iie aaeeeeo eooia. ?nioaaiiy eiai a
e?oa?aoo?? iia’ycothoue ic eieaeueiei oiipyaeeoaaiiyi aoiiia.
Ii?iaiyiiy aeniapeiaioaeueieo iioa?oa?aioeieieo ooieoeie ic ooieoeiyie
, ooo/ii iiaoaeiaaieie O.Iii, O.ssiaiioi i O.Aeannii, aeey iiaeaei
aeiaaeeiaiai piciiuaiiy oao?aaae?e/ieo eeanoa?ia (3ao.Ni+1ao.W),
naiae/aoue ipi iiae?ai?noue e?eaeo.
Aeineiaeaeaiiy Iannaaoa?ianueeeo paciiainieo niaeopia e?enoaei/ieo,
aii?oieo oa aii?oii-e?enoaei/ieo nieaaia Fe-W aeyaeee , ui c
iiaeaeuaiiyi eiioeaiopaoe?? aieueo?aio aiaeaoaa?oueny iapaoaipaiiy
niaeopo caeica o iaeei ?icoe?aiee ?aciiainiee iie aianeiaeie ciiie
aeecueeiai ioi/aiiy aoiiia caeica o aii?oiie oaci. Aeii?e iaai?oii?
nipeeiyoeeainoi oeeo o?ueio oeiia nieaaia naiae/aoue ipi ??
iineaaeaiiy o aiipoiiio noaii.
O i’yoie aeaai aeineiaeaeaii oiceei-oiii/ii aeanoeainoi aeaeo?ieioe/ieo
nieaaia iieiaaeaio i aieueo?aio oa iaaaaeaii pacoeueoaoe, yei iathoue
ipaeoe/ia cia/aiiy. Aianeiaeie oiai, ui no?oeoo?a aeaeopieioe/ieo
nieaaia cacaeaeaaiaeue iapiaiiaaaeia i oa?iiaeeiaii/ii ianoaaieueia,
aiaeaoaathoueny ?? ciiie iiae /an aiaeiaeo. Aeapeaaoiapaoi/ii oa
paioaaiiapaoi/ii aeineiaeaeaiiy naiae/aoue, ui paeaenaoeieii
ipioeane a aiipoieo aeaeopieioe/ieo nieaaao iathoue uiiaeiaioa 4
aoaie (oaaeeoey 3).
Oaaeeoey 3 .Oaiia?aoo?a aecioapii/ieo iaeneioiia
(E) o aeaeopieioe/ieo aiipoieo nieaaao W
Nenoaia Oaiia?aoo?a ia?aoai?aiiy
1 2 3 4
Ni-27ao%W 753 848 893 993
Co-25ao%W 753 843 893 –
Co-38,5ao%W 723 – 945 993
Fe-25ao%W 723 873 953 1028
Ia ii/aoeiaie noaae?? aiaeaoaa?oueny iiapaoeiy oa aiiaieyoe?y e?aieiaeo
aeaoaeoia, eiopie nipey? aeeoociy aiaeith. Neeaaeathoueny nipeyoeeai
oiiae aeey cpinoaiiy nooiaiy iipyaeeo a picoaooaaiii aoiiia o iaaeao
aiipoii? oace, yei iapaaeothoue ooaipaiith oac c aeaeueiii iipyaeeii.
Caiaeii ooaipth?oueny iaoanoaaieueia oaca, ca aoaeiaith iaaeeaeaia aei
piaiiaaaeii?, a iioii i piaiiaaaeia oaca. Iaeaieueoei oaieiaei aoaeoii
aiaecia/athoueny noaae?? 1 oa 3. Nieaae, ye? i?noyoue iiiaae 25 ao.%
W, oapaeoapecothoueny iaeaieueo aenieith oapii/iith noaaieueiinoth, ui
iia`ycaii c iineeaiiyi oiii/iiai ca`yceo oa iiaeaeuaiiyi aia?a??
aeoeaaoe?? ?iceeaaeo. Ipe icioapii/iiio aiaeiaei ipioyaii iaei???
aiaeeie a oaiiapaoopiiio iioapaaei 723-778 E o aeineiaeaeaieo nenoaiao
ooaipththoueny iaoanoaaieueii oace, yei iaaaaeaii a oaaeeoei 2.
?ioa?an aeeeeeathoue nenoaie Cr c Mo,W, a yeeo ca aeiaapaiith noaiia
ia? iinoea iaiaiaaeaia pic/eiiinoue. Iaeiae a oiiaao
aeaeopiepenoaeicaoe?? c n??/aieo aeaeo?ie?o?a ?ai?oa iaea?aeoaaee aei
3 % Ii,W. Ca paooiie oaeineiiaeaiiy oaoiieia?? iaianaiiy iiepeooia c
pic/eiieie aiiaeaie aoei iiaeaeuaii eiioeaio?aoeith Ii,W aei 8%.
Iie?eooy nieaaaie o?iio c 3% iieiaaeaio iaee no?oeoo?o oaa?aeiai
?ic/eio ia iniiai IOeE- iiaeeoieaoe?? o?iio, a iiiaae 3% – aeaioacio,
aei neeaaeo yei? iaaeoiaeeea ia?iaiiaaaeia niieoea c
aaenaaiiaeueiith e?enoaei/iith a?aoeith oeio Co3W (D019).
Iie?ioaa?aeinoue iie?eooia aeipiaithaaea 10000-15000 MIa i c?inoaea
iiney aeaoi?iaoeieiiai ciioeiaiiy aei 20000 MIa. ?icpiaeaii niinia
aeaeopiepenoaeicaoe?? nieaaia Cr-Mo-W, yei iiae /an aenieoaoaoe?? a
yeino? caoenieo iie?eoo?a ia i?ieaoiiio iino?oiaioi cia/ii
iiaeaeuoaaee eiai noiee?noue i?ioe ni?aoeueiaoaaiiy ? oa?i?i
aeei?enoaiiy.
Ia iniiai aeineiaeaeaiiy oiia oipioaaiiy iiepeooia c aiipoiith
nopoeoopith o oepieiio aeiaiaciii eiioeaiopaoe?e eiiiiiaioia
aeaeopieioa i paaeeiia aeaeopiepenoaeicaoe?? ca aeiiiiiaith iaoiaeia
iaoaiaoe/iiai ieaioaaiiy aeniapeiaioo oa aiaeico aeaieo uiaei
eiiaoeee e?enoae?caoe?? caipiiiiiaaii niinia aeaeopieioe/iiai
inaaeaeaiiy aiipoieo iiepeooia nieaaaie aieueopaio c Ni,Co,Fe, yeee
caaacia/o? iopeiaiiy caaaeaii? nopoeoope oa aeanoeainoae.
Aeineiaeaeaii aieea ia no?oeoo?o oa eiiaoeeo inaaeaeaiiy nieaaia
Ni-W, Ni-Mo iiaa?oiaai-aeoeaii? ?a/iaeie “Aenieieeiey/i o?aeoe??
ae?iaieoeoaa ii?oieiio”, yea ? eaoiiiiaeoeaiith aenieiiieaeoey?iith
aiiiiniieoeith. Aaaaeaiiy ?? aei aeaeo?ieioo iiaeaeuoaaei iaipoaeaiiy
aeaeieaiiy nieaaia ia eaoiaei. A eoaeieo ?ic/eiao oeae aeiaeaiie ni?eya
iiaeaeuaiith eiioeaio?aoe?? aieueo?aio oa ooai?aiith aii?oiiai noaio. O
nieaaao Ni-Mo aianeiaeie ae?? aeiaeaieo ciaiooaaeeny ?icii?e e?enoaeia.
Aeineiaeaeaiiy ei?icieii? noieeinoi iaoiaeii iiaiiai eeneioiiai
caio?aiiy iie?eooia naiae/aoue i?i oa, ui aii?oii nieaae iathoue o
na?aaeiaeui 20% -ni?/aii? eeneioe noieeinoue cia/ii aeuo ca e?enoaei/ii
nieaae oa /enoi eiiiiiaioe. Iaeaieueo noieeeie aeyaeeeny aii?oii nieaae
nenoai Ni-W oa Fe-Mo, oaeaeeinoue ?ic/eiaiiy yeeo noaiiaeea aeecueei
1.10-6 ea/i2.n. Aieiaiei /eiieeii, aiae yeiai caeaaeaoue
aioeei?icieii aeanoeainoi iie?eooia ? eiioeaio?aoeiy ooaiieaaeiai
eiiiiiaioa nieaaa, yea aecia/a? oaciaee neeaae. Aeey nenoaie Ni- Mo ,
aea ia aiaeaoaaeiny oaciaeo ia?aoai?aiue, oaeaeeinoue ei?ic??
caeaaeaea aiae aeenia?niinoi aei/ii? no?oeoo?e oa ciiithaaeanue aiae
1,5. 10-6 aei 15.10-6 ea/i2.n i?e caieueoaiii iaeanoae eiaa?aioiiai
?icniyiiy aiae 1 aei 2 ii.
O oino?e aeaai ipiaaaeaii picpaooiee iaeneiaeueii? eiioeaiopaoe??
aieueopaio a nenoaiao Ni-W, Co-W, Fe-W ia iiaenoaai iiaeaei Ooeooeie
aeey nieaaia iieiaaeaio , ca aii??e/iith oi?ioeith (1) :
aaa. % Ii,W = A1 m N / n
(1)
A2 + A1m N /
n
aea A1 , A2- aoiiia aaaa aieueo?aio oa iaoaeia a?oie caeica;
N-eieueeinoue
iania?iaaieo aeaeo?iiia iaoaeo a?oie caeica; n-eieueeinoue
aeaeopiiia, yeeo
ia aenoa/a? aeey ooaipaiiy noaaieueii? d-aeaeopiiii? iaieiiee
aieueopaio(n=4);
m-eiinoaioa, ciaeaeaia c eiiaoe/ieo aeineiaeaeaiue (m=3).
A oiiaao, eiee aiaeaoaa?oueny picea iaaeiiiy oaeaeeinoi aeaeieaiiy
iie?eooia aianeiaeie iane/aiiy aaeaioieo ca’yceia eiiiiiaioia
nieaao, niinoapaaeoaaee iaaeeaeaiiy aenia?eiaioaeueieo oa ia/eneaieo
cia/aiue eiioeaio?aoe?? aieueopaio. Ae?ac (1) aeey aoiiii?
eiioeaio?aoe?? iiaeia iapaienaoe o aeaeyae? :
ao.% Mo,W = m N 100% / (n + m N)
(2)
C iueiai aeoiea?, ui iaeneiaeueia eiioeaio?aoeiy ye aeey nieaaia Mo,
oae i aeey nieaaia W c Ni, Ni, Fe aeipiaith? aiaeiiaiaeii 31,0 ; 54,5 e
62,2 ao.% Mo,W. Aea ?o oioiaei?noue aeeeeea? noii?a .Iaaeieie oipioe
(1), (2) iieyaa? o oiio, ui ia iiaea aooe iiaii? iaeaioe/iinoi a
eiioeaio?aoeieieo iioa?aaeao inaaeaeaiiy nieaaia iieiaaeaio i
aieueo?aio, apaoiaoth/e iiaeeaiaeoaeueiinoue ?o aoiiii? aoaeiae i
aeanoeainoae.
Eiioeaiopaoeieiee iioapaae nieaaiooai?aiiy iiaeia ocaiaeeoe c
aiaeiioaiiyi noie iiiicaoeieieo iioaioeiaeia aaeaioieo aeaeopiiia, ui
iaaeanoue eieueeinio ioeiieo neeai iiaeaoiiii? aca?iiae??
eiiiiiaioia. Iiae?aiee iiaeoiae aei ipiaeaie ioeiiee
eiioeaiopaoeieiiai iioapaaeo ooaipaiiy oaapaeeo pic/eiia o
iiaeaieieo nieaaao caipiiiioaaa I.?.Aa?e/.
Aiaeiioaiiy noie iiiicaoeieieo iioaioeiaeia picpaoiaoaaee ca
oipioeith (3) ? iaaaaeai? o oaaeeoei 1 :
m n
Cmn = ( Vi / ( V i (
(3)
i=1 i=1
aea Vi ,Vi( – iii?caoeieii iioaioeiaee ?-ai ciaiioiueiai
aeaeopiia aoiiia
iaoaeo apoie caeica oa aieueopaio / iieiaaeaio ;
n,m – eieueeinoue aaeaioieo aeaeopiiia ( nW,Ii = 6 ;
mFe,Co,Ni= 8-10).
Iaeiaioi cia/aiiy Nmn iathoue necoaie ia iniiai caeica, aea ca
paooiie aeecueeeo iiiicaoeieieo oapaeoapenoee eiiiiiaioia
neeaaeathoueny ni?eyoeeai oiiae aeey ?icoe?aiiy eiioeaio?aoeieiiai
iioa?aaeo ooai?aiiy aeaeo?ieioe/ieo nieaaia, ciepaia nieaaia c
aii?oiith no?oeoo?ith.
Neiae cacia/eoe, ui ?c aiae?co niiaaiaeiioaiue aeey Nmn aeo?ea?, ui
(N106/ N96)Ii= (N106/ N96)W=1,31; (N96/ N86)Ii= (N96/ N86)W=1,36;
(4)
[(Nmn)Ni-W/(Nmn)Ni-Ii]=[(Nmn)Co-W/(Nmn)Co-Ii]=[(Nmn)Fe-W/(Nmn)Fe-Ii]=1,1
7;
I?iii?oe?ei?noue aia?aaoe/ieo oa?aeoa?enoee aeey nenoai iieiaaeaio i
aieueo?aio c iaoaeaie a?oie caeica iiynith? niieueii caeiiiii?iinoi
oaciooaipaiiy a oeeo nenoaiao .
Ia oeeo iiaenoaaao cai?iiiioaaii iiaeoiae aei aepioaiiy caaea/e
ciaoiaeaeaiiy iaeaieueoi? eiioeaio?aoe?? Mo,W c o?aooaaiiyi
iiiicaoeieieo oapaeoapenoee eiiiiiaioia nieaao. Ia/eneaii ca oipioeith
(5) cia/aiiy iaea?eueoi? eiioeaio?aoe?? Mo,W a aeaeopieioe/ieo
nieaaao iaaaaeaii o oaaeeoei 4:
ao.% Mo,W = N m 100% / ( Nmn + N m ) (5)
Oaaeeoey 4. ?icpaooieiai cia/aiiy iaeneiaeueii? eiioeaiopaoe?? Mo,W
Iaoae a?oie cae?ca W,ao.% Mo,ao.%
Fe 69.03 72.29
Co 54.36 58.18
Ni 28.35 25.28
Aiaenooiinoue iiaiiai niiaiaae?iiy picpaooieiaeo i
aeniapeiaioaeueieo cia/aiue eiioeaiopaoeie iiaeia iiynieoe oei, ui
apaoiaoaaee aiapaaoe/iee noai aoiiia eiiiiiaioia ? aeaeo?iiiee oaeoi?,
iaoooth/e ?icii?iei oaeoi?ii. Iaeiae ia/eneaii cia/aiiy aiaeiiaiaeathoue
caaaeueiie oaiaeaioe?? ciiie iaeneiaeueiie eiioeaio?aoe?? Mo,W o
aeaeopieioe/ieo nieaaao Ni-Ii, Co-Ii, Fe-Ii, Ni-W, Co-W, Fe-W.
Aeniiaee:
1.A piaioi ipiaaaeaii aeineiaeaeaiiy oaciaiai neeaaeo i nopoeoope
iapiaiiaaaeii caepenoaeiciaaieo nieaaia iieiaaeaio ? aieueopaio c
iaoaeaie apoie caeica iaoiaeaie aeaeopieioe/iiai inaaeaeaiiy oa
caaapooaaiiy picieaao c aenieeie oaeaeeinoyie ioieiaeaeaiiy.
2.C iiaeaeuaiiyi iaipoaeaiiy aeaeieaiiy ia eaoiaei cpinoa? nooiiiue
iapiaiiaaaeiinoi nopoeoope, a naia – caieueoothoueny eiioeaiopaoeiy
iieiaaeaio oa aieueopaio o oaapaeiio pic/eii, i?e?iniioai?aiiy
e?enoae?/ii? a?aoee oa ciaioothoueny piciipe iaeanoae eiaapaioiiai
picniyiiy.
3.Anoaiiaeaii, ui iaeaieueo aeniea iapane/aiiy oaapaeeo pic/eiia o
aeaeopieioe/ieo nieaaao ia? i?noea a nenoaiao ia iniiai iieaeth, aea
eiioeaiopaoeiy iieiaaeaio iapaaieueoo? aaoaeoe/io eiioeaiopaoeith ca
piaiiaaaeiith aeiaapaiith.
4.Iiae /an aeaeopiepenoaeicaoe?? o nenoaiao Ni-W, Co-W, Fe-W, Fe-Mo
iapaoiae aiae oaapaeiai pic/eio aei aiipoiiai noaio noipiaiaeaeo?oueny
nooo?aei caieueoaiiyi iaipoaeaiiy ia eaoiaei ? iaaeiiiyi oaeaeeinoi
oipioaaiiy iie?eoo?a, ui iia`ycaii c ooai?aiiyi aiipoii? oace oa
aaeueioaaiiyi ia noaae?? ?? pinoo.
5.Ipioean oaciooaipaiiy o aeaeopieioe/ieo nieaaao iieiaaeaio oa
aieueopaio c iaoaeaie apoie caeica ia? niieueii caeiiiiipiinoi, yei
aecia/athoueny niipiaeiaiinoth aeaeopiiii? nopoeoope eiiiiiaioia.
Iaoaiici oaciaeo iapaoaipaiue o nenoaiao Ni-W, Co-W, Fe-W, Fe-Mo
iapaaeaa/a?, ui iiae /an iiaeaeuaiiy eiioeaiopaoe?? Mo,W, o oaapaeiio
pic/eii aei iaaei pic/eiiinoi aeieea? aiipoia oaca ( 22-25 ao.% Mo,W),
yea iinooiiai canooia? epenoae?/io oaco oeyoii caieueoaiiy ??
aiaeiinii? eieueeinoi.
6. A iioapaaei eiioeaiopaoeie 13-22 ao.% Ii,W, yei aiaeiiaiaeathoue
iapaoaipaiith epenoaei/iiai noaio a aiipoiee, aiaecia/aii ooaipaiiy
iaoanoaaieueieo oac.
7. O nieaaao Ni-W, Co-W, Fe-W ipe oipioaaiii aiipoiiai noaio
aiaeaoaa?oueny ciaioaiiy iaai?oii? nipeeiyoeeainoi, a oaeiae
aepiaeaeaiiyi niaeopia Iannaaoapa o nieaaao Fe-W, Fe-Mo.
8. Oapii/ia paeaenaoeiy aiipoieo nieaaia caeienith?oueny /a?ac
ooai?aiiy ipe 850-950 E iaoanoaaieueieo oac , iciii?oieo niieo/aiith
Ni3W (oei D019), oa piaiiaaaeieo oac ipe 990-1030 E .O nieaaao, yei
ca neeaaeii aiaeiia?aeathoue piaiiaaaeiiio iioapiaoaeiaeo Ni3W, noaaeiy
ooaipaiiy iaoanoaaieueii? oace aiaenooiy.
9. Ia iiaenoaai oyaeaiue ipi pieue ianiapiaaieo 3d-aeaeopiiia iaoaeo
apoie caeica o oipioaaii? aeaeopieioe/ieo nieaaia Mo,W aeeiiaii
picpaooiee epaeiio eiioeaiopaoeie aieueopaio. Eiioeaiopaoeieiee
iioapaae nieaaiooaipaiiy iioepth?oueny aiae nieaaia Ni aei Fe.
10. Aeey ioeiiee nee iiaeaoiiii? aca?iiae?? eiiiiiaioia nieaaia a
oiiaao aeaeopiepenoaeicaoe?? caipiiiiiaaii aeeipenoiaoaaoe aiaeiioaiiy
noiapieo iioaioeiaeia iiiicaoe?? aaeaioieo aeaeopii?a.
11. Aeiaeaaaiiy aei pic/eio aeey iaianaiiy iiepeooia nieaaaie iieaeth
c Ii,W aiieiai/ii-piceeaaeath/aeny iiaapoiaai-aeoeaii? pa/iaeie
“Aiaeoiaee aepiaieoeoaa iipoieiio” c eeano aenieiiieaeoey?ieo
aiiiiniieoe nipey? ooaipaiith aiipoiiai noaio.
12.O aeaeopieioe/ieo nieaaao iipiaiyii ci oaeaeeicaaapoiaaieie
aianeiaeie aaeueioaaiiy aeaeieaiiy ?iaiiaaaeieo iioapiaoaeiaeieo oac i
ooai?aiiy aiiiaaiiiai oaciaiai neeaaeo aiaeaoaa?oueny iiaeaeuaiiy
eipicieii? noieeinoi, a oaeiae iiepiiaoaii/ieo oapaeoapenoee o aeiaaeeo
niia?nioaaiiy oaa?aeiai ?ic/eio i aii?oii? oac.
Iniiaii ?acoeueoaoe aeena?oaoe?? iioaeieiaaii o oaeeo ?iaioao:
1. Aei?iaaiue O.A., Nie?eaeiiiaa E.I. I caeiiiia?iinoyo ia?aciaaiey
aii?oiuo oac a nieaaao iieeaaeaia e aieueo?aia // Ainiee
Aeiiipiiaopianueeiai aeapaeaaiiai oiiaapneoaoo.Oiceea.
?aaeiiaeaeopiiiea. Aeione 3.- Aeiii?iiao?ianuee: AeAeO,1998.- N.40-
45.
2. Aei?iaaiue O.A., Nie?eaeiiiaa E.I. Eciininoieeea iiepuoey nieaaaie
opiia n iieeaaeaiii e aieueopaiii. // Ainiee Aeiiipiiaopianueeiai
aeapaeaaiiai oiiaapneoaoo. Oiceea. ?aaeiiaeaeopiiiea. Aeione 4.-
Aeiii?iiao?ianuee: AeAeO, 1998.- N.19-22.
3. Ao?ia E.I.,Iao?oieia O.A.,Io?iuaiei A.A. Iniaaiiinoe oi?ie?iaaiey
no?oeoo?u aeaeo?iinaaeaeaiiuo nieaaia Ni-Mo a caaeneiinoe io oneiaee
yeaeo?ieeca // Aii?inu oi?ie?iaaiey iaoanoaaeeueiie no?oeoo?u
nieaaia.- Aeiai?iiao?iane: AeAO,1981.-N.65-70.
4. Iao?oieia O.A., Ao?ia E.I. Iniaaiiinoe oaciaiai ninoaaa nieaaia Ni-W,
Co-W e Ni-Mo, inaaeaeaiiuo ec eeiiiiieeneuo yeaeo?ieeoia // Aii?inu
oi?ie?iaaiey iaoanoaaeeueiie no?oeoo?u nieaaia. -Aeiai?iiao?iane: AeAO,
1982.- N.114-119.
5. Iao?oieia O.A., Ao?ia E.I., Ieoaeeee A.E. Ei??iceiiiay noieeinoue
yeaeo?iinaaeaeaiiuo nieaaia Co-W .// Aii?inu oi?ie?iaaiey
iaoanoaaeeueiie no?oeoo? nieaaia.- Aeiai?iiao?iane:
AeAO,1983.-N.172-177.
6. Ao?ia E.I., Aieuaiei O.E., Iao?oieia O.A. Iniaaiiinoe
oipiepiaaiey yeaeo?iinaaeaeaiieo nieaaia Fe e Ni n M e W //O?oaeu 1
Ananithciiai naieia?a “No?oeoo?a e iaoaie/aneea naienoaa
yeaeo?ieeoe/aneeo iie?uoee” .-Oieueyooe,1979.-N.54-57.
7.Iao?oieia O.A., Ao?ia E.I., Aa?e/ I.E. Iniaaiiinoe no?oeoo?u e
naienoaa yeaeo?iinaaeaeaiiuo nieaaia aieueo?aia n iaoaeeaie a?oiiu
aeaeaca // O?oaeu 11 ?ani. eiio. ii ei??icee e aioeei??iceiiiie caueoa
iaoaeeia “?ac?aaioea e i?eiaiaiea aioeei??iceiiiuo iaoaeee/aneeo
iie?uoee”.-Aeiai?iiao?iane,1981.-N.138-139.
8. Aieueaeaa?a I.ss., Iao?oieia O.A., ssi/oe E.A. Iiaeaioiaea
eiioaeoiie iiaa?oiinoe noaeueiuo caaioiaie i?e i?iecaiaenoaa
aeiaoaeee/aneeo o?oa// Iaoaeeo?aey e eienioeiey: ?anioaeeeaineee
iaaeaaaeiinoaaiiue nai?iee. Aei.89. Ei??icey e caueoa
iaoaeeia.- Eeaa: Oaoieea,1986.N.54-59.
9. Iao?oieia O.A., Ao?ia E.I. Iaoanoaaeeueiua EIN a yeaeo?iinaaeaeaiiuo
nieaaao Mo e W // O?oaeu *aoaa?oie Ananithciie eiioa?aioeee ii
e?enoaeeioeiee eioa?iaoaeee/aneeo niaaeeiaiee. Eueaia, 18-20 ieoya?y
1983a. -N.200.
10. Aa?e/ I.E., Ao?ia E.I., Iao?oieia O.A. Iniaaiiinoe
yeaeo?ie?enoaeeecaoeee, no?oeoo?a e oece/aneea naienoaa
yeaeo?ieeoe/aneeo nieaaia Mo e W n iaoaeeaie a?oiiu aeaeaca// O?oaeu
*aoaa?oie Ananithciie eiio. ii yeaeo?ioeiee. Oii 1.- Iineaa,
1982.-N.187.
11. Aao. na. 1291621 NNN?, IEE N25D3/56 .?anoai? aeey eiioaeoiiai
iaaeiaiey ia?aeaaathueo noaeae / N.A.Ou? , I.ss. Aieueaeaa?a ,
O.A.Iao?oieia, E.E.Eeiapaiei, O.N.Eoieoea, A.E.Ipeoiaeueei,
TH.N.Aeieueneay, A.I.Oaoia, N.A.Iaoethpa, I.A.Aauaiei, A.A.Ianyiieeia,
A.I.Oeaaaeaa (NNN?).N 3840221; cayae. 22.10.86. Athe N7. 23.02.87.
12. Aieueaeaa?a I.ss., Iao?oieia O.A. Iiaeaioiaea iiaa?oiinoe
oaea?iaeenouo noaeae ia?aae iaaeiaieai //O?oaeu O?aoae ?anioae.
i.-o. eiio. “Oeie/aneay e yeaeo?ioeie/aneay ia?aaioea
i?ieaoa.-Aeiai?iiao?iane, 1983.-N.27.
13. Aieueaeaa?a I.ss., Iao?oieia O.A., ssi/oe E.A. Eniieueciaaiea IAA
i?e eiioaeoiii iaaeiaiee // O?oaeu O?aeueneie ciiaeueiie eiioa?aioeee
” Iiaua oaoie/aneea iithuea n?aaenoaa e IAA a ai?ueaa ca yeiiiieth
iaoaeea.- Ooa, 1983.- N.20.
14. Ao?ia E.I., Iao?oieia O.A., Aa?e/ I.E. N?oeoo?a yeaeo?iinaaeaeaiiuo
nieaaia Ni-Mo // ?aae. ae.” Ecaanoey AOCia IA e NNI NNN?”, na?ey
“Oeceea”. -Oiine,1980.- 11n. Aeai. a AEIEOE 28.03.80., ? 770-80.
15. Iao?oieia O.A., Ao?ia E.I., Aieuaiei O.E. Enneaaeiaaiey oiieie
no?oeoo?u yeaeo?iinaaeaeaiiuo nieaaia Ni-W. //?aae. ae. “Ecaanoey AOCia
IA e NNI NNN?” , na?ey “Oeceea”.-Oiine, 1981.-11n. Aeai. a AEIEOE
?1108-81.
16. Iao?oieia O.A., Eaa/aiei I.I. Iniaaiiinoe iieo/aiey e no?oeoo?a
yeaeo?ieeoe/aneeo nieaaia ieeaey n aunieei niaea?aeaieai aieueo?aia //
?aae.ae. ” Yeaeo?ioeiey” AI NNN?.- I., 1981.-11 n. Aeai. a AEIEOE
14.12.81 a., ? 6115-82Aeai.
Aiioaoeiy
Aeipiaaiue O.A. Oaciai iapaoaipaiiy a aeaeopiinaaeaeaiieo nieaaao
iieiaaeaia i aieueopaia.- ?oeiien. Aeenapoaoeiy ia caeiaoooy a/aiiai
nooiaith eaiaeeaeaoa oiceei-iaoaiaoe/ieo iaoe ii niaoeiaeueiinoi
01.04.07-oiceea oaapaeiai o?ea.- Aeiiipiiaopianueeee aeapaeaaiee
oiiaapneoao, Aeiiipiiaopianuee, 1998.
Aeenapoaoeiy ipenay/aia ieoaiiyi oipioaaiiy oaciaiai neeaaeo
aeaeopieioe/ii inaaeaeaieo nieaaia iieiaaeaio i aieueopaio oa
ii?iaiyiith aeaieo uiaei nopoeoope nieaaia, iaeapaeaieo iaoiaeaie
aeaeopiepenoaeicaoe?? oa caaapooaaiiy picieaao c aenieeie oaeaeeinoyie
ioieiaeaeaiiy. A aeenapoaoe?? picaeiooi iaipyiie ipiaiicoaaiiy
nopoeoope oa aeanoeainoae nieaaia a ianeiaeie aiaeico niieueieo
caeiiiiipiinoae iapiaiiaaaeii? epenoae?caoe??. ?icpiaeaii niinia
aeaeopiinaaeaeaiiy aiipoieo nieaaia aieueopaio c iaoaeaie apoie caeica
oa niinia inaaeaeaiiy ciininoieeeo iiepeooia ia iniiai opiio. Iniiaii
pacoeueoaoe piaioe ciaoiaeyoue canoinoaaiiy a oiiaao opoaiipieaoiiai
aepiaieoeoaa i caaacia/othoue iiaeaeuaiiy oa?iiio aeeipenoaiiy
ipieaoiiai iinopoiaioo.
Eeth/aai neiaa: iapiaiiaaaeia epenoaeicaoeiy, iaoanoaaieueia oaca,
aiipoiee noai, oiiea nopoeoopa, ciioeiaiiy.
Aeipiaaiue O.A. Oaciaua ipaapauaiey a yeaeopiinaaeaeaiiuo nieaaao
iieeaaeaia e aieueopaia.- ?oeiienue. Aeennapoaoeey ia nieneaiea
o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa oeceei-iaoaiaoe/aneeo iaoe ii
niaoeeaeueiinoe 01.04.07-oeceea oaapaeiai oaea.- Aeiaipiiaopianeee
ainoaeapnoaaiiue oieaapneoao, Aeiaipiiaopiane, 1998.
Aeennapoaoeey iinayuaia aiipinai oipiepiaaiey oaciaiai ninoaaa
yeaeopieeoe/anee inaaeaeaiiuo nieaaia iieeaaeaia e aieueopaia n
iaoaeeaie a?oiiu aeaeaca e niiinoaaeaieth aeaiiuo i no?oeoo?a nieaaia,
iieo/aiiuo iaoiaeaie yeaeo?ie?enoaeeecaoeee e caeaeee ?anieaaa n
aunieeie nei?inoyie ioeaaeaeaiey. A paaioa pacaeaaaony iaipaaeaiea
ipiaiicepiaaiey nopoeoopu e naienoa nieaaia a pacoeueoaoa aiaeeca iaueo
caeiiiiapiinoae iapaaiiaaniie epenoaeeecaoeee.
N iiiiuueth iaoiaeia ?aioaaiino?oeoo?iiai aiaeeca, yeaeo?iiiie
iee?ineiiee, iee?i?aioaaiiniaeo?aeueiiai aiaeeca onoaiiaeaii, /oi i?e
aeinoeaeaiee a yeaeo?iinaaeaeaiiuo nieaaao Ni-W, Co-W, Fe-W, Fe-Mo
eiioeaio?aoeee eaae?othuaai yeaiaioa , aeeceie e iaeneiaeueiie
?anoai?eiinoe ii ?aaiiaaniie aeeaa?aiia ninoiyiee iiaeaaeyaony
auaeaeaiea ?aaiiaaniuo eioa?iaoaeeeaeiuo oac e ?acaeoea aeaeueiaai
ii?yaeea, i?ienoiaeeo oi?ie?iaaiea ia?yaeo n ia?anuuaiiui (-oaa?aeui
?anoai?ii aii?oiie oacu ninoaaa 22-25 ao.% W, Mo, eioi?ay n iiauoaieai
eiioeaio?aoeee eaae?othuaai yeaiaioa auoaniyao e?enoaeee/aneoth. I?e
ia?aoiaea io e?enoaeee/aneiai ninoiyiey e aii?oiiio eiaao ianoi
cia/eoaeueiia iiauoaiea iai?yaeaiey auaeaeaiey nieaaia ia eaoiaea e
nieaeaiea nei?inoe eo oi?ie?iaaiey. Aicieeatho iaoanoaaeeueiua
eioa?iaoaeeeaeiua oacu, eioi?ua a nenoaiao ia iniiaa ieeaey iaaethaeaee
a auno?iioeaaeaeaiiuo nieaaao. Eciaiaiea oaciaiai ninoaaa a
auoaia?a/eneaiiuo nieaaao iiae/eiyaony iauei caeiiiia?iinoyi.
Niaea?aeaiea iieeaaeaia (aieueo?aia) a aii?oiie oaca ia?aie/aii
i?aaeaeueiie eiioeaio?aoeeae. Eioa?aae nouanoaiaaiey aii?oiie oacu
?anoe?yaony a ?yaeo io nieaaia ieeaey e nieaaai aeaeaca.
Oa?ie/aneee ?aniaae aii?oiuo oac aei ?aaiiaaniiai ninoiyiey a
enneaaeiaaiiuo nenoaiao inouanoaeyaony /a?ac noaaeeth auaeaeaiey
iaoanoaaeeueiuo oac n e?enoaeee/aneie ?aoaoeie oeia DO19. e noaaeeth
ia?aciaaiey ?aaiiaaniuo oac i?e oaiia?aoo?a 990-1050 E.
Ia iniiaa i?aaenoaaeaiee i ?iee iania?aiiuo 3d-yeaeo?iiia iaoaeeia
a?oiiu aeaeaca a oi?ie?iaaiee yeaeo?iinaaeaeaiiuo nieaaia Mo,W
i?iecaaaeai ?an/ao i?aaeaeueiiai niaea?aeaiey a ieo aieueo?aia, niaeanii
eioi?iio oneiaey acaeiiie ?anoai?eiinoe oaaee/eaathony io nieaaia ia
iniiaa Ni aei nieaaia Fe, /oi iiaeoaa?aeaeath ?acoeueoaou
yenia?eiaioia. Oeacaiiay caeiiiia?iinoue iiaeoaapaeaeaia pan/aoaie n
eniieueciaaieai ia?aiao?a a aeaea niioiioaiey noiiu iioaioeeaeia
eiiecaoeee aaeaioiuo yeaeo?iiia eiiiiiaioia nieaaa, eioipue ipaaeeiaeai
aeey ioeaiee iaaeaoiiiiai acaeiiaeaenoaey a oneiaeyo
yeaeopiepenoaeecaoeee.
Eco/aia oapie/aneay noaaeeueiinoue aiipoiuo nieaaia, enneaaeiaaiu
ei??iceiiiua e iaaieoiua naienoaa.
?acpaaioai niinia yeaeopiinaaeaeaiey aiipoiuo nieaaia aieueopaia n
iaoaeeaie apoiiu aeaeaca e niinia inaaeaeaiey eciininoieeeo iiepuoee
iieeaaeaia e aieueopaia n opiiii. Iniiaiua pacoeueoaou paaiou iaoiaeyo
i?eiaiaiea a opoaiipieaoiii ipiecaiaenoaa e iaania/eaatho
oaaee/aiea ipiaeieaeeoaeueiinoue n?iea neoaeau ipieaoiiai einopoiaioa .
Eeth/aaua neiaa: iapaaiiaaniay epenoaeeecaoeey, iaoanoaaeeueiay oaca,
aiipoiia ninoiyiea, oiieay nopoeoopa, oipi/iaiea.
Dorogan T.E. Phase transformation in molibdenum and tangsten
electrodeposited alloys .- Manuscript. Thesis for a magistr’s degree by
spaciality 01.04.07-physic of solid state.- The Dnepropetrovsk State
University, Dnepropetrovsk, 1998.
The dissertation is devoted to the problem of phase composition
formation in molibdenum and tangsten electrodeposited alloys as
well as to the comparision of data concerning the structure of alloys
obtaned by means of electrocrystallisation and throught high-rate
quenching of melt. The thesis developes the trend of prognosticating
the alloys structure and properties as a result of the analysis of
non-equilibrium crystallizatoin general regularities. Methods
comprising deposition of amorphous tungsten alloys with ferrometalls
and deposition of durable molibdenum and tungsten coatings with
chrome have been developed. The basic finding have been currently
applied in pipe-rolling processes insuring increase in the lifetime
of the rolling tools.
Key words: non-equilibrium crystallization ; metastable phase;
amorphous condition; thin structure; hardening.
PAGE 15
Aa?e/ I.?.
Ciiie a iiepinopoeoopi oa oaapaeinoi iiepeooia iiae /an caieueoaiiy
eiioeaiopaoe?? eaaoth/iai aeaiaioa naiae/aoue ipi iayaiinoue o
aeaeopieioe/ieo nieaaao ciii oaciaiai neeaaeo. Aiaeiii, ui iiney
aeinyaiaiiy a?aieoei ?ic/eiiinoi eaaoth/iai aeaiaioa c’yaey?oueny
iaiaoiaeiinoue o aeieeiaiii iiai? oace. Oea aieeaa? ia eiiaoeeo
aeaeopiepenoaeicaoe??. Anoaiiaeaii, ui oaeaeeinoue oipioaaiiy iiepeooia
aaeueio?oueny ipioeanii aeieeiaiiyi aii?oii? oace. I?e?iaea oe??? oace
aecia/a? oaeiae c?inoaiiy iai?oaeaiiy ia eaoiaei .
O /aoaapoie aeaai i?iaiaeiciaaii aieea oiia aeaeo?iepenoaeicaoe?? ia
iioapaae inioaaiiy
Coaiaoe/ia caeaaei?noue iai?oaeaiiy ia eaoiae? (1) ? oaeaeeino?
oi?ioaaiiy iie?eoo?a (2) nieaaia Ii ? W a caeaaeiino? a?ae
eiioeaio?aoe?? a ?ic/ei?
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