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Черезкістковий компресійний остеосинтез при лікуванні переломів шийки стегнової кістки (клініко-експериментальне дослідження): Автореф. дис… канд. м

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Oa?e?anueeee iaoeiai-aeine?aeiee ?inoeooo

i?oiiaae?? oa o?aaiaoieia?? ?i. i?io. I.?.Neoaiea

Aa?eia Ieaenaiae? Aaneeueiae/

OAeE 616.718.42-001.5-089.84.001.6

*A?ACE?NOEIAEE EIII?AN?EIEE INOAINEIOAC I?E E?EOAAII? IA?AEII?A OEEEE
NOAAIIAI? E?NOEE(ee?i?ei-aenia?eiaioaeueia aeine?aeaeaiiy)

14.01.21 — o?aaiaoieia?y oa i?oiiaae?y

Aaoi?aoa?ao

aeena?oaoe?? ia caeiaoooy iaoeiaiai nooiaiy

eaiaeeaeaoa iaaee/ieo iaoe

Oa?e?a — 1999

Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien.

?iaioa aeeiiaia o Oa?e?anueeiio iaoeiai-aeine?aeiiio ?inoeooo?

i?oiiaae?? oa o?aaiaoieia?? ?i. i?io. I.?.Neoaiea IIC Oe?a?ie

Iaoeiaee ea??aiee:Aeieoi? iaaee/ieo iaoe

AI?EAeIAA E?ae?y Aeieo??aia

Oa?e?anueeee iaoeiai-aeine?aeiee ?inoeooo

?i. i?io. I.?. Neoaiea, aieiaiee iaoeiaee

ni?a?ia?oiee

Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe:Aeieoi? iaaee/ieo iaoeI?OAEAAA Ciy Ieoaee?aia

Oa?e?anueeee iaoeiai-aeine?aeiee ?inoeooo

?i. i?io. I.?. Neoaiea, caa?aeoth/a eaai?aoi???th

a?iiaoai?ee

Aeieoi? iaaee/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?,

Eao?aao Aea?aeaaii? i?ai?? Oe?a?ie,

caneoaeaiee ae?y/ iaoee ? oaoi?ee Oe?a?ie

EINEOOIA Ieaenaiae? ?aaaiiae/

Aei?i?iiao?ianueea aea?aeaaia iaaee/ia aeaaeai?y,

caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?e o?aaiaoieia??, i?oiiaae??

oa INA OII

I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa:Oe?a?inueeee iaoeiai-aeine?aeiee ?inoeooo

o?aaiaoieia?? oa i?oiiaae?? IIC Oe?a?ie, i. Ee?a

Caoeno aeena?oaoe?? a?aeaoaeaoueny ” 29 ” aeiaoiy 1999 ?. ia 11.30 ia
can?aeaii? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae 64.607.01 Oa?e?anueeiai
iaoeiai-aeine?aeiiai ?inoeoooo i?oiiaae?? oa o?aaiaoieia?? ?i. i?io.
I.?.Neoaiea (310024, i. Oa?e?a, aoe. Iooe?inueea, 80).

C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue a a?ae?ioaoe? Oa?e?anueeiai
iaoeiai-aeine?aeiiai ?inoeoooo i?oiiaae?? oa o?aaiaoieia?? ?i. i?io.
I.?.Neoaiea (310024, Oa?e?a, aoe. Iooe?inueea 80).

Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee ” 22 ” aa?aniy 1999 ?.

A/aiee nae?aoa?

niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee,

aeieoi? iaaee/ieo iaoe A.I. ?aae/aiei

CAAAEUeIA OA?AEOA?ENOEEA ?IAIOE

Aeooaeuei?noue oaie

A no?oeoo?? iioeiaeaeaiue aia?aoo iii?e oa ?ooo ia?aeiie oeeee noaaiiai?
e?noee neeaaeathoue 5,5–15% a?ae ia?aeii?a on?o e?noie neaeaoa (Eaaaiaoe
A.I. e niaao., 1986; Oa?iiaie E.N. e niaao., 1989; Ei?ae I.A. e niaao.,
1997) oa ? i?a?iaaoeaith ethaeae iioeeiai oa noa?a/iai a?eo a ca’yceo c
?icaeiaiiyi o ieo inoaiii?ico (I?ioi?ia TH.I. e niaao., 1965; Iiae?ooiye
A.I. e niaao., 1980).

A caeaaeiino? a?ae aeaeo ia?aeiio oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee canoiniaothoue
aeaa iaoiaee e?eoaaiiy. Aaaeoeoe?ei? ia?aeiie, ye i?aaeei, i?aeeyaathoue
eiina?aaoeaiiio e?eoaaiith, a aaeaeoeoe?ei?, ye? neeaaeathoue 90%, —
iia?aoeaiiio (Ae?aiia E.O.,1980; Oeaoaeaoaeee C.A. e niaao., 1991;
Caaaey I.E. e niaao., 1991).

Iia?aoeaia e?eoaaiiy ia?aeii?a oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee cia/ii iie?auo?
?acoeueoaoe oa cieaeo? nia?oi?noue (Aeaiueyiia A.I., 1969), aea
iioeiaeuei? iane?aeee inoaineioaco niinoa??aathoueny eeoa o 27–30%
iia?iaaieo (Noaeaeia A.I. e niaao., 1991; Aeaiaaoa? I.A. e niaao., 1996;
Iiai?icithe A.A. e niaao., 1996; Clayer M.T. et al., 1989; Coster A. Et
al., 1994).

Oae ye inoaineioac i?ecaiaeeoue aei aeiaeaoeiaeo iioeiaeaeaiue
inoaiaaiieo aeaiaio?a oa ii?ooaiiy i?noeaaeo oee?eoeyoi?ieo oiia,
o?aaiaoe/i?noue inoaineioaco oa i?eno?i?a o?enaoe?? a?aeeaie?a a cia/i?e
i??? aecia/a? ?acoeueoao e?eoaaiiy (Naaoieeia A.A. e niaao., 1987;
Iiii?eaiei A.A., 1995; Eaa?euaaa A.E. e niaao., 1996; Iiii?eaiei A.A. e
niaao., 1996; Letterberg C. et al., 1979). Aea aei oaia??oiueiai /ano
i?eae?eyeanue iaaeinoaoiy oaaaa ia’?eoeaiiio aecia/aiith o?aaiaoe/iino?
o?enaoi??a, ui canoiniaothoueny i?e inoaineioac? ia?aeii?a oeeee
noaaiiai? e?noee.

Iniiaieie i?e/eiaie iacaaeia?eueieo ?acoeueoao?a e?eoaaiiy ia?aeii?a
oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee, iaa?oue i?e e?eoaaii? a niaoe?ae?ciaaieo
a?aeae?eaiiyo ? ?icaeoie: anaioe/iiai iae?ico aie?aee noaaiiai? e?noee
(6,1–73,1%), iac?iuaiue (11,1–58,1%), a?o?ico (4,8–60,4%), eiio?aeoo?
(10–38%) (E?uaeaiianeee ss.E., 1983; AEaaeaiia E.E. e niaao., 1985;
Aieoiae/ A.A. e niaao., 1996; Letterberg C. et al., 1979; Alberts K.A.
et al., 1990; Firica A. et al., 1990).

Ia?aeiie oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee, i?ioiaey/e /a?ac aioo??oiueieainoeueio
ciio iaoao?co, ana ae a?aeiinyoueny aei iicanoaeiaiaeo, oae ye e?i?y
ia?aeiio ia i?ioiaeeoue /a?ac noaeiaiao iiaa?oith (Muller M. et al.,
1990), /a?ac oea cae?eoee inoaineioac oeeo ia?aeii?a a?eueo
?aoe?iiaeueiee, oae ye ? iaio o?aaiaoe/iei.

Aei oaia??oiueiai /ano ?nio? ??cieoey a iienaii? oi?ie iiia?a/iiai
?icoeio oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee (Oeeaueyi ss.E.,1960; Ooiaaeaeaiia I.O.,
1962; Anueeia I.A.,1973 Iiae?ooiye A.I. e niaao., 1996) oa no?oeoo?e
i?ieneiaeueiiai a?aeae?eo noaaiiai? e?noee (Eaieai A.A.,1952; Iaoiiae/
N.N., 1963; Iiae?ooiye A.I. e niaao., 1980; A?eaeaan A.I., 1991). Aea
i?aaeeueia noa?aiiao?e/ia oyaeaiiy aiaoii??, a oaeiae ciaiiy
ii?oiiao?e/ieo ia?aiao??a i?ieneiaeueiiai a?aeae?eo noaaiiai? e?noee
iiaeooue a cia/i?e i??? aeiiiiiaoe a eiino?othaaii? a?eueo aoaeoeaieo
i?eno?i?a o?enaoe?? ia?aeii?a oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee, a oaeiae c?iaeoe
ia’?eoeaio ioe?ieo o?aaiaoe/iino? i?eno?i?a o?enaoe??, ui
canoiniaothoueny.

?nio? a?aee?eoee oa cae?eoee niin?a ?aiiceoe?? a?aeeaie?a oeeee
noaaiiai? e?noee. Aea oi/i?noue ni?anoaaeaiiy a?aeeaie?a, yea iiaeeeaa
i?e a?aee?eo?e iaoiaeeoe?, ia ? aa?aioii oni?oo (Eieanieeia TH.I., 1978;
Aieei E.I. e niaao., 1994), oae ye aiia a?eueo o?aaiaoe/ia oa ia
aa?aioo? i?aaeeueii? onoaiiaee o?enaoi?a (E?uaeaiianeee ss.E., 1976;
Ee?oeiai A.I., 1997), iio?aao? ?aioaaiieia?/iiai eiio?ieth ia
iia?aoe?eiiio noie? (Aieei I.E., 1997), iiaeiaaeo? ia??iae
eiinie?aeaoe?? a 2–3 ?ace (Iiii?eaiei A.A., 1995), a /anoioo
?ioaeoe?eieo oneeaaeiaiue i?aeaeuo? a 4–5 ?ac?a (Eeth/aaneee A.A. e
niaao., 1993). A ca’yceo c oeei cae?eoa ?aiiceoe?y ia? iaai? ia?aaaae.

Na?aae i?eno?i?a o?enaoe?? ia?aeii?a oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee oe?iei
canoiniaothoueny ??ci? caio?thaaeuei? i?eno?i?: aa?caeee ??cii?
eiino?oeoe?? (?aoaoieeia I.I., 1962; THnoiia O.N., 1964; Ooiaaea E.A.,
1971; Aieaeen A.A. e niaao., 1987; Aieoiae/ A.A. e niaao., 1996; Iaaiaa
A.A. e niaao., 1997), eiii?anoth/? aaeioe ??cii? eiino?oeoe?? (Na?aa?ia
E.E., 1976; Aeo/oe Ae.Ae. e niaao., 1992; Oanoa?iy I.A., 1992; Ci?y A.E.
e niaao., 1997; Gherlinzoni G. et al., 1971; Forgon M. et al., 1975;
Lindeguist S. et al., 1993), io/ee nieoeue (Aii/a?aiei A.A. e niaao.,
1981,1988; Neiaeei A.I. e niaao., 1983; Eaeeei I.A., 1986; Iiaeeia I.A.
e niaao., 1986; Caa?aa A.A. e niaao., 1989; Noaeaeia A.I. e niaao.,
1991; Genlutte R. et al., 1976) oa ?io?. Cia/i? ia?aaaae o e?eoaaii?
ia?aeii?a oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee ia? eiii?an?eiee inoaineioac. Iaeiae
caio?thaaeuei? eiii?anoth/? i?eno?i? ao?a/athoue caeaoi?noue eiii?an??
aaea a ia?o? aei? i?ney inoaineioaco (Oo?uaei A.O., 1972; Noaoeoea A.E.
e niaao., 1987; Perren S., 1969), a a?aeii? i?eno?i? ciai?oiuei?
o?enaoe??, oi/ ? caeaoi? i?aeo?eioaaoe iino?eio eiii?an?th, a?ii?caee?,
ia caaacia/othoue aeinoaoiuei? noaa?eueiino?, a ?o onoaiiaeaiiy neeaaeia
(Iiiia I.A., 1985; Naaeiia A.I., 1988; Aieei I.E., 1997).

*a?ac oea oaeineiiaeaiiy i?eno?i?a o?enaoe?? oa iaoiae?a e?eoaaiiy
ia?aeii?a oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee iaaoaa? aaeeeiai i?aeoe/iiai cia/aiiy.

No/ani? i?eno?i? aeey inoaineioaco ia?aeii?a oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee
iiaeii? caaacia/eoe eiai noaa?euei?noue ia i?ioyc? onueiai ia??iaeo
c?iuaiiy, i?aeo?eioaaoe iino?ei? coneeey eiii?an??, i?i?iaeueii
o?aaioaaoe e?noeiao oeaieio, iaoe oaeaneii?/iee aoaeo, a iaoiaeeea
inoaineioaco iiaeiia aooe i?inoith (Aieei E.I., 1990; Eiiotho A.A. e
niaao., 1991; Oeuaiei A.I. e niaao., 1991; Oaenthe I.E. e niaao., 1991).

O ca’yceo c oeei i??i?eoao iaeaaeeoue i?eno?iyi ciai?oiuei? o?enaoe??,
ui aeicaieythoue i?aeo?eioaaoe iino?ei? coneeey eiii?an?? i?ae
a?aeeaieaie (Aieei E.I. e niaao., 1994). Ia?aaaaa /a?ace?noeiaiai
inoaineioaco caeeth/a?oueny ia?o ca ana a oiio, ui i?e i?i?iaeuei?e
o?aai? i’yeeo oeaiei oa e?noee iiaeeeai aeinyaoe cae?eoei oeyoii aeia?i?
?aiiceoe?? oa noaa?eueii? o?enaoe?? a?aeeaie?a, a oaeiae ?icii/aoe ?aii?
ooieoe?iiaeueia e?eoaaiiy oai?eo (Eeeca?ia A.A. e niaao., 1983, 1986)
i?e ua iac?iuaieo a?aeeaieao (Na?aaaa I.A., 1988; Caa?aa A.A. e niaao.,
1990; Aiiaaeueneee A.E., 1992; Eeth/aaneee A.A. e niaao., 1993; *eeoiia
I.N. e niaao., 1995; Eaa?euaaa A.E. e niaao., 1996; Peyrou P.L., 1987).
Oea noai?th? iioeiaeueiee eiiieaen iaoai?/ieo oa a?ieia?/ieo oiia aeey
?aaaia?aoe?? oeaiei, i?ecaiaeeoue aei a?aeiiaeaiiy aiaoii?? oa ooieoe??
e?ioe?aee a ei?ioo? no?iee, a oaeiae cia/ii nei?i/o? e?euee?noue
iiaeeeaeo oneeaaeiaiue (Naaoieeia A.A. e niaao., 1987; Naaeiia A.I.,
1988; Iiii?eaiei A.A., 1995; Eaa?euaaa A.E. e niaao., 1996; A?onei A.A.
e niaao., 1997; Iaaeaaaeaa A.A. e niaao., 1997; Lettenberg C. et al.,
1979).

Ca’ycie aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe c iaoeiaeie i?ia?aiaie, ieaiaie,oaiaie

Aeena?oaoe?y aeeiiaia ca?aeii ieaio iaoeiai-aeine?aeieo ?ia?o
Oa?e?anueeiai iaoeiai-aeine?aeiiai ?inoeoooo i?oiiaae?? oa o?aaiaoieia??
?i. i?io. I.?.Neoaiea (oeo? oaie IE.95.3, aea?ae?a?no?aoe?y
?0196U00753).

Iaoa ?iaioe ? caaea/? aeine?aeaeaiiy

Ia iniia? ee?i?ei-aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeine?aeaeaiue ?ic?iaeoe oa
iaa?oiooaaoe iaoiaeeeo noaa?eueiiai /a?ace?noeiaiai eiii?an?eiiai
inoaineioaco i?e e?eoaaii? ia?aeii?a oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee.

Aeey aeinyaiaiiy iinoaaeaii? iaoe iaiao?aeii ?ica’ycaoe oae? caaea/?:

1. Aea/eoe noai ieoaiiy oa no/ani? aeiiae aei o?enaoi??a aeey
inoaineioaco ia?aeii?a oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee.

2. I?iaanoe aenia?eiaioaeuei? aeine?aeaeaiiy aeey aiaoii?/iiai
iaa?oiooaaiiy iaoiaeeee o?enaoe?? oa eiino?oeoe?? i?eno?ith.

3. Ia iniia? aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeine?aeaeaiue aea/eoe o?aaiaoe/i?noue
o?enaoi??a, ui canoiniaothoueny i?e inoaineioac? ia?aeii?a oeeee
noaaiiai? e?noee.

4. Ia iniia? io?eiaieo aenia?eiaioaeueieo aeaieo ?ic?iaeoe i?eno??e aeey
noaa?eueiiai /a?ace?noeiaiai eiii?an?eiiai inoaineioaco ia?aeii?a oeeee
noaaiiai? e?noee.

5. ?ic?iaeoe oaoiieia?th e?eoaaiiy oai?eo ?c canoinoaaiiyi
cai?iiiiiaaiiai i?eno?ith i?e ia?aeiiao oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee.

6. Aea/eoe ?acoeueoaoe e?eoaaiiy oa aeaoe ?aeiiaiaeaoe?? aeey
i?aeoe/iiai canoinoaaiiy.

Iaoeiaa iiaecia iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a

Aenia?eiaioaeueieie aeine?aeaeaiiyie ia aiaoii?/ieo i?aia?aoao
i?ieneiaeueiiai a?aeae?eo noaaiiai? e?noee aeieacaii, ui oeeea noaaiiai?
e?noee a o?ainoea?a?eaeueiiio a?aeae?e? ia iiia?a/iiio ?icoei? ia?
iaaeueio oi?io c i?eiethuaiiyi nia?aaeo, a ia iicaeiaaeiueiio ?icoei?
ei?oeeaeueia ieanoeiea caaeiuei? no?iee oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee
i?ioiaeeoue i?ae iaeei aa?oethaii oa iaiaaeo? eaiae oeeee noaaiiai?
e?noee caaoe?oee 11–15 ii.

Ia iniia? io?eiaieo aeaieo iaa?oioiaai? aeiiae aei iioeiaeueii?
eiino?oeoe?? o?enaoi?a, ui caaacia/o? noaa?euei?noue inoaineioaco i?e
cieaeaii? o?aaiaoecaoe?? e?noeiai? oeaieie.

?ic?iaeaii i?eno??e oa niin?a eiii?an?eiiai noaa?eueiiai inoaineioaco
ia?aeii?a oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee (a.n. 1664302), ui aeicaiey?
i?aeo?eioaaoe iino?eio eiii?an?th i?ae a?aeeaieaie a i?ioean? e?eoaaiiy,
a oaeiae onoiooe ?ioaoe?eio ianoaa?euei?noue a?aeeaie?a.

Aenia?eiaioaeueii aeiaaaeaii, ui o?enoth/ee noa?aeaiue cai?iiiiiaaiiai
i?eno?ith cia/ii iaioa iioeiaeaeo? e?noeiao oeaieio oeeee oa aie?aee
noaaiiai? e?noee, i?ae o?eeiiaoaaee aa?caeie, o?e eiii?anoth/eo aaeioa
/e io/ie ?c ainueie nieoeue ae?aiao?ii 2 ii.

I?aeoe/ia cia/ou?noue iaea?aeaieo ?acoeueoao?a

?ic?iaeaia oaoiieia?y noaa?eueiiai /a?ace?noeiaiai eiii?an?eiiai
inoaineioaco ia?aeii?a oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee iaio o?aaiaoe/ia a
ii??aiyii? c ?ioeie, i?inoa a canoinoaaii?, aeicaiey? i?aeo?eioaaoe
coneeey eiii?an?? ia i?ioyc? ia??iaeo c?iuaiiy ia?aeiio oeeee noaaiiai?
e?noee, cae?enithaaoe ?aii? aeiciaaia iaaaioaaeaiiy ia iioeiaeaeaio
e?ioe?aeo ua aei c?iuaiiy a?aeeaie?a.

Aiae?c ?acoeueoao?a e?eoaaiiy oai?eo c ia?aeiiaie oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee
iieacaa, ui canoinoaaiiy cai?iiiiiaaii? iaoiaeeee aeicaieeei aeinyaoe o
87,1% oai?eo oi?ioeo oa caaeia?eueieo ?acoeueoao?a, ui aeieaco? aenieo
aoaeoeai?noue ?? canoinoaaiiy, iniaeeai i?e noaeai?oaeueieo oa
noaeai?oaeueieo ia?aeiiao oeeee c aeeieii a?ae aeoae Aaeaina.

Aecia/ai? iieacaiiy aei canoinoaaiiy cai?iiiiiaaiiai i?eno?ith,
?ic?iaeaia oaoiieia?y e?eoaaiiy oai?eo.

?acoeueoaoe, io?eiai? i?e aeeiiaii? aeena?oaoe?eiiai aeine?aeaeaiiy,
?aae?ciaai? oa aeei?enoiaothoueny a i?aeoeoe? E??iaia?aaenueei? i?nueei?
e?ea?i? oaeaeei? iaaee/ii? aeiiiiiae i?e e?eoaaii? oai?eo. Cai?iiiiiaaio
iaoiaeeeo e?eoaaiiy ai?iaaaeaeaii a oeaio?aeueieo ?aeiiieo e?ea?iyo i.
Ciai’yiea, n.i.o. Iiaia?oaiaaeuenuee, E??iaia?aaenuee?e iaeani?e e?ea?i?
oa oeaio?aeuei?e i?nuee?e e?ea?i? i. Ieaenaiae???.

Ai?iaaoe?y ?acoeueoao?a aeena?oaoe??

Iaoa??aee aeena?oaoe?eii? ?iaioe aeiiia?aeaeeny ia iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i?e
eiioa?aioe?? “Aeooaeuei? i?iaeaie aa??ao?e/ii? i?oiiaae??” (Ee?a, 1996),
iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i?e eiioa?aioe?? “E?uineea aa/a?a” (sseoa, 1997), VI-io
c’?cae? o?aaiaoieia?a oa i?oiiaae?a ?in?? (I.Iiaai?iae, 1997), IV-e
Ana?in?enuee?e eiioa?aioe?? “Aeiiaoaieea-98” (I.Iiaai?iae, 1998),
E?einuee?e iaoeiai-i?aeoe/i?e eiioa?aioe?? “Iiaia a o?aaiaoieiaee,
i?oiiaaeee e ?aaaeeeoaoeee” (sseoa, 1999).

Iniaenoee aianie caeiaoaa/a

Aaoi?ii naiino?eii aea/aii noai ieoaiiy oa no/ani? aeiiae aei o?enoth/eo
i?eno?i?a aeey inoaineioaco ia?aeii?a oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee.

I?iaaaeaii aenia?eiaioaeueia aeine?aeaeaiiy aiaoii?/ieo iniaeeainoae
i?ieneiaeueiiai a?aeae?eo noaaiiai? e?noee.

Ia iniia? io?eiaieo aeaieo aaoi?ii naiino?eii ?ic?iaeaii i?eno??e,
iaoiaeeeo oa oaoiieia?th /a?ace?noeiaiai eiii?an?eiiai inoaineioaco
ia?aeii?a oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee.

?ic?iaeaii iaoiaeeeo aecia/aiiy o?aaiaoe/iino? o?enaoi??a, ca
aeiiiiiaith yei? c’yniaaia ii??aiyeueia o?aaiaoe/i?noue o?enaoi??a, ui
canoiniaothoueny i?e inoaineioac? ia?aeii?a oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee.

Aaoi? naiino?eii i?iiia?oaaa on?o 69 oai?eo oa i?ia?a aiae?c io?eiaieo
?acoeueoao?a.

Ioae?eaoe??

Iniiai? iieiaeaiiy ?iaioe ciaeoee a?aeia?aaeaiiy a 11-oe iioae?eiaaieo
iaoeiaeo i?aoeyo, o oiio /ene? — aea? i?aoe? a aeo?iae? “I?oiiaaeey,
o?aaiaoieiaey e i?ioace?iaaiea” oa iaeia a aeo?iae? “I?iaeaiu noa?aiey e
aeieaieaoey”, io?eiaii aaoi?nueea na?aeioeoai ?1664302 ia ?ic?iaeaiee
“I?eno??e aeey eiii?an?eiiai inoaineioaco ia?aeii?a oeeee noaaiiai?
e?noee”.

Ianya ? no?oeoo?a aeena?oaoe??

Aeena?oaoe?y neeaaea?oueny ?c anooio, 7 ?icae?e?a, caeeth/aiiy,
aeniiae?a, nieneo aeei?enoaii? e?oa?aoo?e oa aeiaeaoe?a. ?iaioa i?noeoue
150 noi??iie iaoeiiieniiai oaenoo, 75 ?enoie?a, 12 oaaeeoeue. Nienie
aeeth/a? 259 aeaea?ae, a o./. 35 ?iicaiieo.

CI?NO ?IAIOE

Iaoa??aee ? iaoiaee aeine?aeaeaiiy

C iaoith aea/aiiy aiaoii?/ieo iniaeeainoae i?ieneiaeueiiai a?aeae?eo
noaaiiai? e?noee ? o?aaiaoe/iino? o?enaoi??a oa ia iniia? io?eiaieo
aeaieo, eiino?othaaiiy iaeio?aaiaoe/iiai i?eno?ith, caeaoiiai o?enoaaoe
a?aeeaiee i?e ia?aeiiao oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee oa i?aeo?eioaaoe
eiii?anoth/? coneeey i?ae a?aeeaieaie ia i?ioyc? ia??iaeo
eiinie?aeaoe??, i?iaaaeaii aeine?aeaeaiiy ia 44-o aiaoii?/ieo i?aia?aoao
i?ieneiaeueiiai a?aeae?eo noaaiiai? e?noee a?ae o?oi?a. Ia 22-o
i?aia?aoao aeeiiaii iicaeiaaei? ?icieee oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee, ui
i?ioiaeeee ia?aeaeueii ?? in?. Ia ?ioeo 22-o i?aia?aoao aeeiiai?
iiia?a/i? ?icieee aie?aee oa oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee. Aecia/aiiy ?ici???a
io?eiaieo i?aia?ao?a i?iaiaeeee ca aeiiiiiaith iaoaeaai? e?i?eee oa
i?e?iao?iai? n?oee. Oaeiae aoee aeeiiai? oa aea/ai? ?aioaai?anuee?
ci?iee i?aia?ao?a.

I?e aea/aii? aiaoii?/ieo iniaeeainoae i?ieneiaeueiiai a?aeae?eo
noaaiiai? e?noee aoei onoaiiaeaii, ui a ae?eyioe? iaeiai aa?oethaa /a?ac
aoa/anoee oa? e?noee i?ioiaeyoue ieanoeiee eiiiaeoii? e?noeiai? oeaieie,
ye? ? i?iaeiaaeaiiyi eiiiaeoii? e?noeiai? oeaieie caaeiuei? no?iee oeeee
noaaiiai? e?noee, ui i?ioiaeyoue i?ae iaeei aa?oethaii. Oey eiiiaeoia
e?noeiaa ieanoeiea a?aeiaaeiao? eaiae oeeee ? ia ? e?noeiaei ooai?aiiyi,
yea i?eeiyoi iaceaaoe oii?ith, a ? caaeiueith no?ieith oeeee noaaiiai?
e?noee, ui i?ioiaeeoue i?ae iaeei aa?oethaii, ?oeioaaiiy yei? i?e
inoaineioac? i?ecaiaeeoue aei eiai ianoaa?eueiino? (A?eaeaan A.I.,1991).

E??i oeueiai, aoei onoaiiaeaii, ui eaiae oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee ia
iiia?a/iiio ?icoei? ia? oi?io iaaea, niethuaiiai nia?aaeo. Aioo??oi?
?ici??e eaiaeo oeeee neeaaeathoue: nia?aaeo-iacaae — 11–15 ii,
caa?oo-oiec — 29–35 ii. I?e aei??thaaii? ieiu? iiia?a/iiai ?icoeio oeeee
noaaiiai? e?noee onoaiiaeaii, ui a na?aaeiueiio aiia noaiiaeoue 316 ii2,
a ieiua iiia?a/iiai ?icoeio aie?aee — 1340 ii2.

Ia iniia? aea/aieo aiaoii?/ieo iniaeeainoae i?ieneiaeueiiai a?aeae?eo
noaaia iaie neiino?oeiaaii i?eno??e aeey eiii?an?eiiai inoaineioaco
ia?aeii?a oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee (a.n. 1664302) oa ?ic?iaeaii niin?a
eiai aeei?enoaiiy.

I?eno??e ii?aeio? ia?aaaae caio?thaaeueieo o?enaoi??a ? i?eno?i?a
ciai?oiuei? o?enaoe??, a?aecia/a?oueny i?inoioith aenieoaoaoe?? oa
iaeio?aaiaoe/i?noth i?e onoaiiaeaii?, caaacia/o? iaae?eio o?enaoe?th oa
iino?eio eiii?an?th i?ae a?aeeaieaie, oi/ia i???iooaaiiy
ne??iethaaeueii? nieoe? aac aeiaeaoeiaeo ?aioaaiieia?/ieo ianoaaeaiue,
eaaei aeaeaey?oueny aac iaianaiiy aeiaeaoeiai? o?aaie i’yeei oeaieiai,
ia iio?aao? niaoe?aeueiiai e?aeea aeey oeeaaeee oai?iai.

Caaaeyee oiio, ui o?enoth/ee noa?aeaiue aeeiiaiee ieineei, onoaa?oueny
?ioaoe?eia ianoaa?euei?noue, a caaaeyee ne??iethaaeuei?e nieoe? ia?ii
ciiao noai?thaaoe iino?ei? eiii?anoth/? coneeey i?ae a?aeeaieaie.

I?eno??e (?en. 1) neeaaea?oueny ?c ciai?oiuei? ieanoeie (1) oa
onoaiiaeaieo ia i?e o?enoth/iai noa?aeiy (2) ? ne??iethaaeueii? nieoe?
(3), ??cueaiaeo noa?aei?a c aeaiaioaie o?enaoe?? (4), i?e oeiio
o?enoth/ee noa?aeaiue (2) ia? ??cueaiaee e?iaoeue (5) aeey o?enaoe?? ia
ciai?oi?e ieanoei? (1) oa ioa?? (6) aeey ne??iethaaeueii? nieoe? (3).
I?eno??e iaeaaeiaiee ci?iiei eiiaeoeoi?ii aeey i?iaaaeaiiy
ne??iethaaeueii? nieoe?, yea onoaiiaeth?oueny ia?iaiaeeeoey?ii
o?enoth/iio noa?aeith. Ieanoeia (1) aeeiiaia c e?aei?ie iioeeeie
ieiueiaie (7), ye? iathoue ae??c (8) i?ae ??cueaia? noa?aei? (4) c
i?ioeeaaeieo aieiaeo noi??i.

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°E.a?uQb3sP„n•?·IOuXF;?A|•?i»EU!
u?`6AeS) q?en.1. Noaiaoe/ia cia?aaeaiiy i?eno?ith aeey
eiii?an?eiiai

inoaineioaco ia?aeii?a oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee.

Iaoiaeeea o??o?a?/iiai e?eoaaiiy: aeeiio?oueny cae?eoa ?aiiceoe?y
a?aeeaie?a ia iia?aoe?eiiio noie?, i?ney eiio?ieueii? ?aioaaiia?ao?? ca
aeiiiiiaith niaoe?aeueieo i???ioe??a c i?aeaa?oethaeii? ae?eyiee, /a?ac
iaaaeeeee iaae??c oe??e, /a?ac oeeeo ? ciio ia?aeiio a aie?aeo noaaiiai?
e?noee aaiaeeoueny o?enoth/ee noa?aeaiue oae, uia ioa?? ia e?ioe?
noa?aeiy aoa i???ioiaaiee o o?iioaeuei?e ieiuei?. Ia ??cueaiaiio e?ioe?
noa?aeiy onoaiiaeth?oueny ieanoeia ia a?aenoai? 2–3 ni a?ae iiaa?oi?
oe??e. Oea — ciai?oiy iii?a, yea o?eno?oueny aei noaaiiai? e?noee aeua
oa ieae/a o?enoth/iai noa?aeiy ca aeiiiiiaith ??cueaiaeo noa?aei?a.
Aeae? ca aeiiiiiaith niaoe?aeueiiai eiiaeoeoi?a, ui e??ieoueny aei
??cueaiai? /anoeie o?enoth/iai noa?aeiy ciai?, /a?ac aie?aeo noaaiiai?
e?noee, ia?iaiaeeeoey?ii o?enoth/iio noa?aeith ? /a?ac eiai ioa?? aei
aeoiaeo c aie?aee, aaiaeeoueny ne??iethaaeueia nieoey. Eiiaeoeoi?
ci?ia?oueny, a caaiooa nieoey caaeeaeth?oueny i?ae oe??o. O?enoth/ee
noa?aeaiue ca aeiiiiiaith ne??iethaaeueieo aaeie a?aeoyao?oueny iacaae,
i?e oeueiio ne??iethaaeueia nieoey noiii?eoueny a ioai?? ? noai?th?oueny
coneeey eiii?an?? i?ae a?aeeaieaie, a a?aeoyaoaaiiy o?enoth/iai noa?aeiy
c iaoith eiii?an?? ciaioo? iayai?noue eiai a oeeoe? noaaiiai? e?noee,
oei naiei noai?thth/e nai???aeiee oaeaneii?/iee aoaeo, caaaeyee yeiio
o?enaoi? ia noa? ?ici??eith i?e nei?i/aii? oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee, yea
aeieea? a i?ioean? eiinie?aeaoe?? a?aeeaie?a.

C iaoith aea/aiiy ?iia??iino? iioeiaeaeaiiy noaaiiaiai noaeeiiiai io/ea
ne??iethaaeueiith nieoeath cai?iiiiiaaiiai i?eno?ith aoee aeeiiai?
?aioaai?anuee? aeine?aeaeaiiy eoeueoiaeo noaeia?a c onoaiiaeaiiyi
eiio?anoii? i?oee a i?iaeoe?? noaaiiai? a?oa??? o 34-o oai?eo. Oeeie
aeine?aeaeaiiyie aeiaaaeaii, ui noaaiiaa a?oa??y i?iaoeth?oueny ia aeii
aa?oethaeii? caiaaeeie, oiio ne??iethaaeueia nieoey, i?iaaaeaia a
naa?oaeuei?e ieiuei? /a?ac aie?aeo noaaiiai? e?noee, i?ioiaeeoue cciai?
noaaiiaiai noaeeiiiai io/ea ia a?aenoai? 20–30 ii ? ia iioeiaeaeo? eiai.
Io?eiai? aeai? ni?aiaaeathoue c ?acoeueoaoaie aeine?aeaeaiue
?.?.Oaeeoeinueeiai oa ?.I.I?/oaaeca (1980).

Aaee/eio ?oeioaaiiy e?noeiai? oeaieie o?enaoi?aie a oeeoe? oa aie?aoe?
noaaiiai? e?noee aecia/aee a?aeiioaiiyi ieiu? iiia?a/iiai ?icoeio oeeee
oa aie?aee noaaiiai? e?noee aei ieiu? iiia?a/iiai ?icoeio o?enaoi?a, a
oaeiae a caeaaeiino? a?ae ieiu? eiioaeoo o?enaoi??a c e?noeiaith
oeaieiith, oae ye a?aeiii, ui iaiiaeeeai caaeeaeoe ?iieaioao a e?noeo,
ia io?eiaaoe i?e oeueiio iaae?oae iueiai ciio ia?oai? e?noee (Ling
R.S.M., 1986). Aoee aeeiiai? iiia?a/i? ?icoeie o?enaoi??a: o?eeiiaoaaiai
aa?caeea, eiii?anoth/iai aaeioa c ae?aiao?ii a ??cueaia?e /anoei? 7 ii,
nieoe? ae?aiao?ii 2 ii oa o?enoth/iai noa?aeiy cai?iiiiiaaiiai iaie
i?eno?ith. Onoaiiaeaii ?o ieiuo, ui neeaaea? aeey: o?eeiiaoaaiai
aa?caeea — 58 ii2, eiii?anoth/iai aaeioa — 20 ii2, nieoe? — 3,14 ii2,
o?enoth/iai noa?aeiy cai?iiiiiaaiiai iaie i?eno?ith — 24 ii2.

Oeyoii neeaaeaiiy a?aeiioaiiy ieiu? iiia?a/ieo ?icoei?a oeeee oa aie?aee
noaaiiai? e?noee aei ieiu? iiia?a/ieo ?icoei?a o?enaoi??a aoei
onoaiiaeaii, ui o?eeiiaoaaee aa?caeie i?e inoaineioac? ?oeio? 4,4%
e?noeiai? oeaieie aie?aee oa 18,5% oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee, o?e
eiii?anoth/? aaeioe ?oeiothoue 4,5% e?noeiai? oeaieie aie?aee oa 19%
oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee, io/ie ?c 8-ie nieoeue ae?aiao?ii 2 ii ?oeio?
1,9% e?noeiai? oeaieie aie?aee oa 7,95% oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee, a
o?enoth/ee noa?aeaiue cai?iiiiiaaiiai iaie i?eno?ith ?oeio? 1,8%
e?noeiai? oeaieie aie?aee oa 7,6% oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee. sseui ieiuo
iiia?a/iiai ?icoeio o?enoth/iai noa?aeiy cai?iiiiiaaiiai iaie i?eno?ith
oiiaii i?eeiyoe ca iaeeieoeth, oi ni?aa?aeiioaiiy aaee/eie c?oeioaaiiy
e?noeiai? oeaieie oeeee oa aie?aee noaaiiai? e?noee i?e inoaineioac?
o?ueiia eiii?anoth/eie aaeioaie, o?eeiiaoaaei aa?caeeii, io/eii nieoeue
oa cai?iiiiiaaiei iaie i?eno?i?i iaaoaea oaeiai aeaeyaeo: 2,5: 2,43:
1,05: 1.

Oaeei /eiii, noa? i/aaeaeiei oa, ui o?eeiiaoaaee aa?caeie oa o?e
eiii?anoth/? aaeioe a 2,5 ?ace a?eueoa ?oeiothoue e?noeiao oeaieio oeeee
oa aie?aee noaaiiai? e?noee, i?ae o?enoth/ee noa?aeaiue cai?iiiiiaaiiai
iaie i?eno?ith.

I?e aecia/aii? aaee/eie ?oeioaaiiy e?noeiai? oeaieie a caeaaeiino? a?ae
ieiu? eiioaeoo o?enaoi?a c e?noeiaith oeaieiith aie?aee noaaiiai? e?noee
aoei onoaiiaeaii, ui ieiu? iiaa?oiiue o?enaoi??a, iaeiaeiai caaeeaeaieo
a e?noeiao oeaieio aie?aee (o?eeiiaoaaee aa?caeie, o?e eiii?anoth/?
aaeioe, io/ie nieoeue oa o?enoth/ee noa?aeaiue cai?iiiiiaaiiai
i?eno?ith) ni?aa?aeiinyoueny ye 2,09: 1,96: 1,88: 1. Oea ua ?ac
i?aeoaa?aeaeo? oa, ui i?e inoaineioac? ia?aeii?a oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee
aaee/eia c?oeioaaiiy e?noeiai? oeaieie cai?iiiiiaaiei iaie i?eno?i?i a 2
?ace iaioa, iaa?oue a ii??aiyii? c, ia ia?oee iiaeyae, iaeio?aaiaoe/iei
inoaineioacii io/eii nieoeue. E??i oeueiai, i?e iai?aaeeuei?e
oeaio?aoe?? o?enaoi??a aiie iiaeooue aeoiaeeoe ca iaae? eaiaeo oeeee
noaaiiai? e?noee, a oea iio?aao? iiaoi?iiai ?o i?iaaaeaiiy. I?e oeueiio
ua a?eueoa ii?ooo?oueny e?iaiiinoa/aiiy a?aeeaie?a oa cia/ii
ca?eueoo?oueny e?euee?noue iacaaeia?eueieo ?acoeueoao?a (Letterberg C.
at al., 1979).

Oiio iaie aoei aeine?aeaeaii aaee/eio iiaeeeaiai a?aeoeeaiiy
ii??aithaaieo o?enaoi??a a eaiae? oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee aac
aeoiaeaeaiiy ?o ca iaae? eaiaeo. I?e oeueiio aoei onoaiiaeaii, ui eoo
aeiionoeiiai a?aeoeeaiiy aeey o?eeiiaoaaiai aa?caeea neeaaea? 7,5°, aeey
eiii?anoth/eo aaeio?a — 12,5°, aeey o?enoth/iai noa?aeiy cai?iiiiiaaiiai
iaie i?eno?ith — 17,5°. Oiaoi ?iia??i?noue aioo??oiueieaiaeueiiai
i?iaaaeaiiy o?enoth/iai noa?aeiy cai?iiiiiaaiiai iaie i?eno?ith a 2,3
?ace aeua, i?ae ii??aithaaieo, aai iaeaea a 2 ?ace ciaioo? ?iia??i?noue
ia?ai?iaaaeaiiy o?enoth/iai noa?aeiy. A oea ? oaeiae nai???aeiei
iiia?aaeaeaiiyi ?icaeoeo iiaeeeaeo i?neyiia?aoe?eieo oneeaaeiaiue
(anaioe/iiai iae?ico aie?aee noaaiiai? e?noee, a?o?ico, iac?iuaiue), ye?
i?ecaiaeyoue aei iacaaeia?eueieo iane?aee?a e?eoaaiiy ia?aeii?a oeeee
noaaiiai? e?noee.

C 1988 ii 1998 ??. iaie niinoa??aaeenue 69 oai?eo o a?oe? a?ae 22 aei 83
?ie?a c aaeaeoeoe?eieie ia?aeiiaie oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee. ?iciiae?e
oai?eo ca a?eii ? noaooth iieacaii ia a?ao?eo (?en. 2), c yeiai aeaeii,
ui e?euee?niee neeaae /ieia?e?a oa ae?iie iaeaea ??aiee, aea
a?aei?/a?oueny cia/ia ??cieoey e?eueeino? ia?aeii?a oeeee noaaiiai?
e?noee o /ieia?e?a a i?aoeacaeaoiiio a?oe? (77,2%), a o ae?iie — o
iain?eiiio (94,1%), ui iia’ycaii c ?icaeoeii inoaiii?ico o ae?iie, a o
/ieia?e?a — c aeeiiaiiyi aaaeei? o?ce/ii? i?aoe?, iia’ycaii? c ?eceeii
o?aaioaaiiy. A?aei?/a?oueny oaeiae ca?eueoaiiy e?eueeino? ia?aeii?a
oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee c a?eii: e?euee?noue oai?eo o a?oe? noa?oa 50-oe
?ie?a neeaaea? 75,4%.

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Cyr?I4???-?????u?y??????1/4???I???”Arial
Cyr?I4???-????u??????1/4???I”System?I???-????’yy???

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????-????AUeA???? ?????????@???????-????’yy???

????-????AUeA???? ???????I??????ue???????????-? ???u?????????"????-???? yyy???????????????????$??en. 2. ?iciiae?e oai?eo ca a?eii oa noaooth. O ia?oo aeiao i?ney o?aaie aini?oae?ciaaii 49 oai?eo, ia i?ioyc? ia?oeo o?ueio ae?a — 14, /aoaa?i oai?eo iinooieee /a?ac 60 aei?a i?ney o?aaie, iaeei — /a?ac 123 aei? oa ua iaeei — /a?ac 143 aei?. Oaeei /eiii, na?ae? ia?aeiie neeaee 91,3%, a canoa??e? — 8,7%. I?e ?iciiae?e? oai?eo ca eieae?caoe??th iioeiaeaeaiiy ca?aeii ?iai/i? eeaneo?eaoe?? ia?aeii?a oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee, ui aeei?enoiao?oueny iaie, onoaiiaeaii, ui noaeai?oaeuei? ia?aeiie aoee o 24-o oai?eo (34,8%), noaeai?oaeuei? c aeeieii a?ae aeoae Aaeaina — o 30 oai?eo (43,5%), o?ainoea?a?eaeuei? ineieue/ano? ia?aeiie — o 9-oe oai?eo (13%), o?ainoea?a?eaeuei? a?ae caeaeao — o 6-oe oai?eo (8,7%). Noaeai?oaeuei? ia?aeiie /ano?oa cono??/athoueny o ae?iie, noaeai?oaeuei? c aeeieii a?ae aeoae Aaeaina — o /ieia?e?a, a o?ainoea?a?eaeuei? ia?aeiie a?ae caeaeao o /ieia?e?a cono??/athoueny a 2 ?ace /ano?oa, i?ae o ae?iie. E??i ia?aeii?a oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee o 5-oe oai?eo aoee e ?io? iioeiaeaeaiiy, ye? cia/ii oneeaaeithaaee aeeiiaiiy inoaineioaco oa i?neyiia?aoe?eia aaaeaiiy oai?eo. O 46 iioa?i?eeo aoee aeyaeai? noiooi? caoai?thaaiiy, ui iio?aaoaaei aeeoa?aioe?eiiai i?aeoiaeo aei e?eoaaiiy. I?e aini?oae?caoe?? oai?ei aeeiioaaee ?aioaaiieia?/i? oa eaai?aoi?i? aeine?aeaeaiiy, iaeeaaeaeanue nenoaia neaeaoiiai aeoyaiaiiy. I?e iia?aoe?? an?i oai?ei canoiniaoaaany aiaeio?aoaaeueiee ia?eic. ?c 69-oe iaoe??io?a inoaineioac oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee o?eeiiaoaaei aa?caeeii aoa aeeiiaiee o 22-o, io/eii nieoeue — o 16-oe, /a?ace?noeiaee inoaineioac cai?iiiiiaaiei iaie eiii?anoth/ei i?eno?i?i — o 31-ai. Inoaineioac aeeiioaaee ia 4–14-e aeaiue i?ney aini?oae?caoe?? oai?eo. Iaeiae, ca ??cieo i?e/ei, o 6-oe oai?eo ?c 31, ui iia?oaaeenue ?c canoinoaaiiyi cai?iiiiiaaiiai iaie i?eno?ith, inoaineioac aoei aeeiiaii /a?ac 60–143 aei? i?ney o?aaie. Inoaineioac cai?iiiiiaaiei iaie i?eno?i?i ia? nai? iniaeeaino?. Oai?iai eeaaeooue ia iia?aoe?eiiio i?oiiaaee/iiio noie? ia oaciao i?aenoaaeo c i?iiaaeeiiaith ?aioaaii?iieeath/ith i?aeii?ith. Iaiaeue iia?aoe?eiiai noieo iionea?oueny. Aeeiiothoueny i?eeiie cae?eoi? ?aiiceoe?? a?aeeaie?a ca iaoiaeeeith E?oaaooa?a, i?ney /iai noiio iioeiaeaeaii? e?ioe?aee cae??ieththoue a noiiioo?eioaa/? a iieiaeaii? aioo??oiuei? ?ioaoe?? noiie aei eooa 30–45°. Noiia caei?iai? e?ioe?aee o?eno?oueny noiiioo?eioaa/ai oa iionea?oueny ieae/a /e i?ae?eia?oueny aeua iioeiaeaeaii? c oaeei ?ic?aooieii, uia aiia ia ia?aoeiaeaeaea ?aioaaiia?ao?? a aen?aeuei?e i?iaeoe??. A a?eueoino? aeiaaee?a aoea aeinyaiooa aeia?a ?aiiceoe?y a?aeeaie?a. A a oeo aeiaaeeao, eiee oea ia oaeaaaeinue oa caeeoaeinue iaaaeeea ci?uaiiy, aeey oiai, uia ia iaianoe aeiaeaoeiao o?aaio oa ia i?aeaeuoaaoe o?aaiaoe/i?noue ao?o/aiiy iiaoi?ieie ni?iaaie ?aiiceoe??, iiaeeaethth/e oei naiei ii?ooaiiy e?iaiia?ao, iaie canoiniaoaaeanue noaa?e?caoe?y a?aeeaie?a ca aeiiiiiaith aeaio nieoeue c iaoith iiia?aaeaeaiiy iiaeeeaiai ci?uaiiy a?aeeaie?a i?e aaaaeaii? o?enoth/iai noa?aeiy. Aeey i?aaeeueiiai i?iaaaeaiiy o?enaoi?a a aie?aeo oa oeeeo noaaiiai? e?noee iaie canoiniaoaaeenue ?aioaaieiio?anoi? i?oee, ye? aoee ciai?oi?ie i???ioe?aie. A caeaaeiino? a?ae eooa iaoeeo e?i?? ia?aeiio a?aeiinii ai?eciioae? iaie canoiniaoaaeenue aea? eiiiiiiaee i?eno?ith, oae ye aeey noai?aiiy coneeue eiii?an??, ??aiii??ii ?iciiae?eaieo ii an?e iiaa?oi? ia?aeiio, o?enoth/ee noa?aeaiue iaiao?aeii aaiaeeoe iaeneiaeueii iaaeeaeaii aei ia?iaiaeeeoey?o a?aeiinii ieiueie ia?aeiio. I?e noaeai?oaeueieo oa noaeai?oaeueieo ia?aeiiao c aeeieii a?ae aeoae Aaeaina canoiniaoaaeanue eiiiiiiaea i?eno?ith c onoaiiaeaiiyi aaciaeo noa?aei?a aeua oa ieae/a o?enoth/iai noa?aeiy, a i?e ia?aeiiao a?ae caeaeao iaeaeaa aacia? noa?aei? ?ici?uothoueny ieae/a o?enoth/iai. Ee?i?/i? niinoa?aaeaiiy i?aeoaa?aeaeothoue i?oei?noue o?enaoe??, yeo noai?th? cai?iiiiiaaiee iaie i?eno??e, ui aeicaiey? a?aeiiaeoeny a?ae aeiaeaoeiai? ciai?oiuei? ?iiia?e?caoe??. Caaaeyee oeueiio oai?? i?ney inoaineioaco iiaeooue cae?enithaaoe aeoeai? ?ooe a noaeiaao oa ?aii? iaaaioaaeaiiy ia iioeiaeaeaio e?ioe?aeo. Iaeio?aaiaoe/i?noue, a oaeiae noaa?eueia o?enaoe?y a?aeeaie?a oa caa?aaeaiiy ooieoe?? noaeia?a aeicaieeee 83,9% oai?eo oiaeeoe c ieeeoeyie c ia?oiai oeaeiy i?ney iia?aoe??, 87,1% oai?eo ?icii/aoe iaaaioaaeaiiy a ia?o? 2–3 oeaei? oa iaeaea 50% oai?eo ?icii/aoe iiaia iaaaioaaeaiiy ia i?ioyc? ia?oiai i?nyoey i?ney iia?aoe??. Iiaeeea?noue naiino?eiiai ianeoaiaoaaiiy oai?eo c ia?oeo aei?a i?ney inoaineioaco cia/ii iieaaoo? ?iaioo na?aaeiueiai oa iieiaeoiai iaaee/iiai ia?niiaeo. O i?neyiia?a?oe?eiiio ia??iae? c ia?oeo aei?a aaeeeo oaaao i?eae?eyee i?io?eaeoeoe? iiaeeeaeo oneeaaeiaiue. I?iaiaeeee ia?aa’ycee eiaeiee aeaiue, a /a?ac oeaeaeaiue — iaeei ?ac o 7–10 aei?a. Eiaei? 5–7 aei?a aeeiioaaee i?aeo?eioth/o eiii?an?th oeyoii i?aee?o/oaaiiy aaeie. Ieoaiiy aeaeaeaiiy aia?aoo ae??ooaaeinue ia iniia? ee?i?/ieo oa ?aioaaiieia?/ieo aeaieo. Na?aaei? oa?i?ie o?enaoe?? a?aeeaie?a o oai?eo neeaee 69,1 aeiy oa caeaaeaee a?ae aeaeo ? oa?aeoa?o ia?aeiio, no?ieo aeeiiaiiy inoaineioaco oa i?aaeeueiino? aeeiiaiiy iaoiaeeee. I?e aea/aii? iane?aee?a e?eoaaiiy iniaeeao oaaao i?eae?eyee ooieoe?iiaeueiei iane?aeeai oa a?aeiiaeaiith i?aoeacaeaoiino? ye iaea?eueo aaaeeeaei iieacieeai aoaeoeaiino? e?eoaaiiy. Ioe?iea aaeanue ca o?eaaeueiith nenoaiith (aeia?a, caaeia?eueii, iacaaeia?eueii). Aea/aiiy iane?aee?a e?eoaaiiy ia?aeii?a oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee a oa?i?i a?ae 6 i?nyoe?a aei 8 ?ie?a iieacaei, ui o 31 oai?iai iniiaii? a?oie a a?eueoino? aeiaaee?a, a naia o 64,5%, io?eiai? aeia?? iane?aeee, o 22,6% — caaeia?euei? oa o 12, 9% — iacaaeia?euei?, a oie /an ye i?e inoaineioac? o?eeiiaoaaei aa?caeeii /e io/eii nieoeue iacaaeia?euei? iane?aeee noaiiaeyoue 50–54,5%. I?e oeueiio onoaiiaeaii, ui iacaaeia?euei? iane?aeee niinoa??aathoueny i?ney inoaineioaco o oai?eo iioeeiai a?eo c aaaeeeie noiooi?ie caoai?thaaiiyie i?e noaeai?oaeueieo ia?aeiiao c aeeieii a?ae aeoae Aaeaina oa i?e o?ainoea?a?eaeueieo ia?aeiiao oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee a?ae caeaeao. Iacaaeia?euei? iane?aeee i?e inoaineioac? cai?iiiiiaaiei i?eno?i?i iia’ycai?: o iaeiiai oai?iai — c ?icaeoeii anaioe/iai iae?ico aie?aee noaaiiai? e?noee, o aeaio — c iac?iuaiiyi, o iaeiiai — c ?icaeiaiiyi aa?onii? aeaoi?iaoe?? oa nei?i/aiiyi e?ioe?aee. I?e/iio o iaeiiai oai?iai iac?iuaiiy aeieeei aiane?aeie ?aiiueiai aeaeaeaiiy i?eno?ith o ca’yceo c aeieeiaiiyi caaii?iiy ia oii? oeoe?iaiai ae?aaaoo, a o ae?oaiai oai?iai — a ca’yceo c i?ciueith aini?oae?caoe??th oa aaea ?icaeaath/einy anaioe/iei iae?icii aie?aee noaaiiai? e?noee i?ney ?ai?oa aeeiiaii? iia?aoe?? a?aee?eoiai inoaineioaco o?eeiiaoaaei aa?caeeii, ui cae?i/eeany iac?iuaiiyi. sse ? anyeee iaoiae, /a?ace?noeiaee inoaineioac cai?iiiiiaaiei i?eno?i?i ? aoaeoeaiei eeoa i?e inai?ii? oaoi?ee, noai?iai aeio?eiaiiy iniiaieo i?aaee inoaineioaco oa i?neyiia?aoe?eiiai aaaeaiiy oai?eo. Na?aae oneeaaeiaiue /a?ace?noeiaiai inoaineioaco iaea?eueo /anoei aoei caiaeaiiy i’yeeo oeaiei a iaeano? noa?aei?a, yea aeieeei o i’yoe oai?eo. Caiaeaiiy aoei aee?eoaaii aioeaaeoa??aeueiith oa i?noeaaith i?ioecaiaeueiith oa?ai??th (OA*, eaa?oe) o 3-o oai?eo oa ia e?ioeaaee ?acoeueoao e?eoaaiiy ia aieeioei, a o aeaio — iio?aaoaaei ia?aae/aniiai aeaeaeaiiy i?eno?ith. Caeeoeiaa ci?uaiiy a?aeeaie?a i?e aeeiiaii? eiii?an?eiiai inoaineioaco ia aieeioei ia oa?i?i c?iuaiiy oa iane?aeie e?eoaaiiy. Oaeei /eiii, inoaineioac cai?iiiiiaaiei i?eno?i?i aaco?oueny ia iaeneiaeueiiio caa?aaeaii? e?noeiai? oa iaaeieeoi?o oeaiei, ia iiaeeeaino? noai?aiiy iino?eii i?aeo?eioaaii? eiii?an?? i?ae a?aeeaieaie, ia aiaoiii-a?iiaoai?/i?e aeioe?eueiino? ieanei? eiino?oeoe?? oa oaeaneii?/iiio aoaeo?, ia aeoeai?e ooieoe?? iioeiaeaeaii? e?ioe?aee oa ia iia?eueiino? oai?iai c ia?oeo aei?a e?eoaaiiy. Ana oea noai?th? iioeiaeuei? a?ieia?/i? oiiae aeey c?iuaiiy a?aeeaie?a. AENIIAEE 1. Ia?aeiie oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee — oyaee? oa /anoi aeieeath/? iioeiaeaeaiiy, ye? neeaaeathoue 5,5–15% a no?oeoo?? o?aai neaeaoo oa ? i?a?iaaoeaith ethaeae iioeeiai oa noa?a/iai a?eo. Iacaaaeath/e ia iaai? aeinyaiaiiy o?aaiaoieia??, i?iaeaia e?eoaaiiy ia?aeii?a oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee ana ua aeaeaea a?ae ae??oaiiy, oae ye iioeiaeuei? iane?aeee e?eoaaiiy niinoa??aathoueny o 27–30% oai?eo, a nia?oi?noue na?aae oai?eo iioeeiai oa noa?a/iai a?eo a ia?o? 9 i?nyoe?a i?ney inoaineioaco neeaaea? 25–50%. 2. Aeyaeai? aiaoii?/i? iniaeeaino? i?ieneiaeueiiai a?aeae?eo noaaiiai? e?noee a aenia?eiaio? i?aeoaa?aeaeothoue aeioe?euei?noue aeei?enoaiiy ieaneiai eiii?anoth/iai o?enaoi?a, yeee aaiaeeoueny a eaiae oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee ia?aeaeueii ieiuei? ia?aaeiuei? i?eiethuaii? no?iee oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee. 3. ?ic?iaeaii i?eno??e aeey eiii?an?eiiai inoaineioaco ia?aeii?a oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee, yeee, caaaeyee eiino?oeoeaiei iniaeeainoyi (ieaneee o?enoth/ee noa?aeaiue c ioai?ii ia i?ieneiaeueiiio e?ioe? aeey ne??iethaaeueii? nieoe?, yea aaiaeeoueny ca aeiiiiiaith eiiaeoeoi?a, ui o?eno?oueny ia ciai?oi?e iii??), aeicaiey? noaa?eueii o?enoaaoe a?aeeaiee, i?aeo?eioaaoe iino?eio eiii?an?th i?ae ieie a i?ioean? e?eoaaiiy. I?eno??e ia? oaeaneii?/iee aoaeo, aaaeeeaee o ca’yceo c? nei?i/aiiyi oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee a i?ioean? c?iuaiiy. 4. I?iaaaeaiee ii??aithaaeueiee aiae?c o?aaiaoe/iino? i?eno?i?a, ui canoiniaothoueny i?e inoaineioac? ia?aeii?a oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee, iieacaa, ui o?enoth/ee noa?aeaiue cai?iiiiiaaiiai iaie i?eno?ith cia/ii iaioa ?oeio? e?noeiao oeaieio oeeee oa aie?aee noaaiiai? e?noee a ii??aiyii? c o?eeiiaoaaei aa?caeeii, o?ueiia eiii?anoth/eie aaeioaie oa io/eii ?c ainueie nieoeue ae?aiao?ii 2 ii. 5. ?ic?iaeaia iaoiaeeea e?eoaaiiy oai?eo c ia?aeiiaie oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee aeicaiey? iaae?eii i???iooaaoe i?iaaaeaiiy o?enoth/iai noa?aeiy a eaiae? oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee i?e aeeiiaii? inoaineioaco, noaa?eueii o?enoaaoe a?aeeaiee, ?aii aeoea?coaaoe oai?eo (anoaaaiiy c e?aeea ia 2–3-e aeaiue i?ney iia?aoe??, oiaea c ieeeoeyie oa aeiciaaia iaaaioaaeaiiy ia iioeiaeaeaio e?ioe?aeo /a?ac 2–3 oeaei? i?ney iia?aoe?? oa iiaia — /a?ac 4–6 oeaei?a i?ney iia?aoe??), a a eiiieaen? c iaaeeeaiaioiciei oa o?c?iooieoe?iiaeueiei e?eoaaiiyi aeicaiey? cia/ii nei?ioeoe no?iee ?aaa?e?oaoe?? oai?eo. 6. Aiae?c ?acoeueoao?a e?eoaaiiy oai?eo c ia?aeiiaie oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee iieacaa aenieo aoaeoeai?noue cai?iiiiiaaii? iaoiaeeee, iniaeeai i?e e?eoaaii? noaeai?oaeueieo oa noaeai?oaeueieo ia?aeii?a c aeeieii a?ae aeoae Aaeaina, ui aeicaieeei aeinyaoe o 87,1% oai?eo aeia?eo oa caaeia?eueieo ?acoeueoao?a. NIENIE ?IA?O, UI IIOAE?EIAAI?CA OAIITH AeENA?OAOe?? 1. Aa?eia A.A., Aaa?eeaiei A.A. E aii?ino ea/aiey ia?aeiiia oaeee aaae?aiiie einoe o aieueiuo iiaeeeiai e noa?/aneiai aic?anoa ia oiia aic?anocaaeneiiai inoaiii?ica //I?iaeaiu noa?aiey e aeieaieaoey.- 1996.- O.6, ?1-2.- N.45-48. 2. Aa?eia I.A. Niin?a noaa?eueiiai ooieoe?iiaeueiiai eiii?an?eiiai inoaineioaco i?e ia?aeiiao oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee //I?oiiaaeey, o?aaiaoieiaey e i?ioace?iaaiea.- 1997.- ?4.- N.67-68. 3. Ai?eaeiaa E.Ae., Aa?eia A.A. I?aaeoi?aaeaeaiea ?acaeoey ineiaeiaiee i?e ea/aiee ia?aeiiia oaeee aaae?aiiie einoe //I?oiiaaeey, o?aaiaoieiaey e i?ioace?iaaiea.- 1998.- ?3.- N.87-89. 4. A.n. 1664302 NNN?. IEE 5A61A17/60. Ono?ienoai aeey eiii?anneiiiiai inoaineioaca ia?aeiiia oaeee aaae?a /A.A.Aa?eia.- ?4725095/14; Cayaeaii 31.06.89; Iioae. 23.07.91, Athe. ?27 //Ioe?uoey. Ecia?aoaiey.- 1991.- ?27.- N.29. 5. Aa?eia I.A. Noaa?eueiee eiii?an?eiee inoaineioac ia?aeii?a noaaiiai? e?noee o iaoe??io?a iioeeiai oa noa?a/iai a?eo //Aeooae. i?iae. aa??ao?e/ii? i?oiiaae??: Ca. iaoa??ae?a eiio.- Ee?a, 1996.- N.12-13. 6. Aa?eia A.A., Oa?anaiei E.A., THcaoiae/ A.A. ?aioaai-aiaoiie/aneea i?aaeiinueee noaaeeueiiai /?aneinoiiai eiii?anneiiiiai inoaineioaca oaeee aaae?aiiie einoe //Iao. aeiee. ?ani. iao/.-i?aeo. eiio. o?aaiaoieiaia-i?oiiaaeia E?uia “E?uineea aa/a?a”, iinayu. iaiyoe i?io. A.E.Aeeneoiiaa.- sseoa, 1997.- N.107-108. 7. Aa?eia A.A. Aeiiaoaie/aneea iniaaiiinoe eiii?anneiiiiai inoaineioaca ia?aeiiia oaeee aaae?aiiie einoe ono?ienoaii aaoi?a //Iao. VI nuacaea o?aaiaoieiaia-i?oiiaaeia ?innee.- I.Iiaai?iae, 1997.- N.364. 8. Aa?eia I.A. Oneeaaeiaiiy i?e e?eoaaii? ia?aeii?a oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee oa ?o iiia?aaeaeaiiy //Iao. ieaioio i?oiiaae?a-o?aaiaoieia?a Oe?a?ie.- Ee?a; Iaeana, 1998.- N.207-209. 9. Aa?eia A.A. Ii?aaeaeaiea o?aaiaoe/iinoe oeenaoi?ia, i?eiaiyaiuo i?e inoaineioaca ia?aeiiia oaeee aaae?aiiie einoe //Iao. IV Ana?in. eiio. “Aeiiaoaieea-98”.- I.Iiaai?iae, 1998.- N.103. 10. Aa?eia A.A. I?aeiouanoaa cae?uoie ?aiiceoeee ia?aeiiia oaeee aaae?aiiie einoe e iaeio?aaiaoe/iiai inoaineioaca ono?ienoaii aaoi?a //Nia?ai. oaoiieiaee a o?aaiaoieiaee e i?oiiaaeee.- I., 1999.- N.155-156. 11. Aa?eia A.A. Aiaoiie/aneea i?aaeiinueee inoaineioaca ia?aeiiia oaeee aaae?aiiie einoe //Iiaia a o?aaiaoieiaee, i?oiiaaeee e ?aaaeeeoaoeee: Iao. E?ui. iao/.-i?aeo. eiio. o?aaiaoieiaia-i?oiiaaeia.- sseoa, 1999.-N.41-43. AIIOAOe?ss Aa?eia Ieaenaiae? Aaneeueiae/. *a?ace?noeiaee inoaineioac i?e e?eoaaii? ia?aeii?a oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee (ee?i?ei-aenia?eiaioaeueia aeine?aeaeaiiy). — ?oeiien. Aeena?oaoe?y ia caeiaoooy a/aiiai nooiaiy eaiaeeaeaoa iaaee/ieo iaoe ca niaoe?aeuei?noth 14.01.21 — o?aaiaoieia?y oa i?oiiaae?y. — Oa?e?anueeee iaoeiai-aeine?aeiee ?inoeooo i?oiiaae?? ? o?aaiaoieia?? ?i. i?io. I.?.Neoaiea. — Oa?e?a, 1999. Caoeua?oueny 10 iaoeiaeo i?aoeue oa iaeia aaoi?nueea na?aeioeoai, ye? a?aeia?aaeathoue ?acoeueoaoe aenia?eiaioaeuei?o aeine?aeaeaiue oa aiae?c ?acoeueoao?a e?eoaaiiy oai?eo c ia?aeiiaie oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee. aenia?eiaio? ia i?aia?aoao i?ieneiaeueiiai a?aeae?eo noaaiiai? e?noee, acyoeo ?c o?oi?a, aea/ai? ?o aiaoii?/i? iniaeeaino?. Anoaiiaeaii iayai?noue eaiaeo oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee, ui i?ioiaeeoue i?ae iaeei aa?oethaii oa ia? iaaeueio oi?io c i?eiethniaiiyi nia?aaeo. Ia iniia? i?iaaaeaieo aeine?aeaeaiue neiino?oeiaaii i?eno??e aeey eiii?an?iiai inoaineioaco ia?aeii?a oeeee noaaia. Aea/aii o?aaiaoe/i?noue o?enaoi??a, ye? canoiniaoaaeenue i?e inoaineioac? ia?aeii?a oeeee noaaia. ?ic?iaeaii iaeio?aaiaoe/io iaoiaeeeo e?eoaaiiy ia?aeii?a oeeee noaaiiai? e?noee, yea noai?th? iioeiaeuei? oiiae aeey inoai?aia?aoe??, aeicaiey? io?eiaoe aeia?? oa caaeia?euei? ?acoeueoaoe o 87,1% iaoe??io?a oa nei?i/o? oa?i?i eiinie?aeaoe??. Eeth/ia? neiaa: ia?aeii, oeeea noaaiiai? e?noee, o?aaiaoe/i?noue, inoaineioac, eiii?an?y. AIIIOAOeEss Aa?eia Aeaenaiae? Aaneeueaae/. *?aneinoiue eiii?anneiiiue inoaineioac i?e ea/aiee ia?aeiiia oaeee aaae?aiiie einoe (eeeieei-yenia?eiaioaeueiia enneaaeiaaiea). — ?oeiienue. Aeenna?oaoeey ia nieneaiea o/aiie noaiaie eaiaeeaeaoa iaaeeoeeineeo iaoe ii niaoeeaeueiinoe 14.01.21 — o?aaiaoieiaey e i?oiiaaeey. — Oa?ueeianeee iao/ii-enneaaeiaaoaeueneee einoeooo i?oiiaaeee e o?aaiaoieiaee ei. i?io. I.E.Neoaiei. — Oa?ueeia, 1999. Caueuaaony 10 iao/iuo ?aaio e iaeii aaoi?neia naeaeaoaeuenoai, a eioi?uo ioia?aaeaiu iieo/aiiua ?acoeueoaou yenia?eiaioaeueiuo enneaaeiaaiee e aiaeec ?acoeueoaoia ea/aiey aieueiuo n aaeaeoeoeeiiiuie ia?aeiiaie oaeee aaae?aiiie einoe, eioi?ui i?iecaiaeeeny inoaineioac ia?aeiia. Aeenna?oaoeey aeeth/aao yenia?eiaioaeueiua e eeeie/aneea enneaaeiaaiey. A yenia?eiaioa ia 44 i?aia?aoao i?ieneiaeueiiai ioaeaea aaae?aiiie einoe, acyouo ec o?oiia, eco/aiu aiaoiie/aneea iniaaiiinoe aeaiiuo i?aia?aoia. I?e yoii onoaiiaeaii, /oi caaeiyy noaiea oaeee aaae?aiiie einoe, i?ioiaey iiae iaeui aa?oaeii, ia?acoao eaiae oaeee aaae?aiiie einoe, eioi?ue ia iiia?a/ieea eiaao iaaeueioth oi?io n oieiuaieai nia?aaee. Ii?aaeaeaiu ?acia?u iiia?a/iuo na/aiee oaeee e aieiaee aaae?aiiie einoe. Ia iniiaaiee iieo/aiiuo ?acoeueoaoia neiino?oe?iaaii ono?ienoai aeey eiii?anneiiiiai inoaineioaca ia?aeiiia oaeee aaae?aiiie einoe, oeene?othuee noa?aeaiue eioi?iai auiieiai iaeiiieineinoiui. I?aaeeiaeaiiia ono?ienoai niaiauaao eo/oea ea/anoaa iia?oaeiuo ono?ienoa e ono?ienoa aiaoiae oeenaoeee, niiniaii iiaeaea?aeeaaoue iinoiyiiua oneeey eiii?annee iaaeaeo ioeiieaie a i?ioeanna ea/aiey, i?e yoii oaeaea iaeaaeaao oaeaneiie/aneei yooaeoii. Iaoiaeeea inoaineioaca i?inoa. Eco/aia o?aaiaoe/iinoue oeene?othuaai noa?aeiy i?aaeeiaeaiiiai iaie ono?ienoaa a n?aaiaiee n o?aoeiianoiui aaicaeai, eiii?anne?othueie aeioaie e io/eii ec ainueie nieoe a caaeneiinoe io aaee/eiu ieiuaaee eo iiia?a/iuo na/aiee, a oaeaea a caaeneiinoe io ieiuaaee iiaa?oiinoiiai eiioaeoa oeenaoi?ia n einoueth. I?e yoii onoaiiaeaii, /oi oeene?othuee noa?aeaiue a 2–2,5 ?aca iaiueoa iia?aaeaeaao einoioth oeaiue oaeee e aieiaee aaae?aiiie einoe, /ai n?aaieaaaiua oeenaoi?u, /oi oeo/oaao aeieiae/aneea oneiaey n?auaiey ia?aeiiia oaeee aaae?aiiie einoe. Eeeie/aneea enneaaeiaaiey aeeth/aee 69 enoi?ee aieacie e ?aioaaiia?aiiu aieueiuo, eioi?ua auee ?ani?aaeaeaiu ia a?oiiu a caaeneiinoe io oeenaoi?a, i?eiaiyaoaainy aeey inoaineioaca ia?aeiiia. Aieueiua a aic?anoa noa?oa 50 eao ninoaaeee 75,4%. Noaeaieoaeueiua ia?aeiiu oaeee aaae?aiiie einoe ninoaaeee 34,8%, noaeaieoaeueiua ia?aeiiu n aueieii io aeoae Aaeaina — 43,5%, o?ainoea?aeeaeueiua ineieue/aoua ia?aeiiu — 13% e o?ainoea?aeeaeueiua ia?aeiiu io naeaeaa — 8,7%. Eeeie/aneea iaaethaeaiey i?iaiaeeeenue ia i?ioyaeaiee 10 eao. Iie iiaeoaa?aeeee oeaeaniia?aciinoue i?eiaiaiey iaeiiieineinoiiai oeene?othuaai noa?aeiy a eiii?anne?othuai ono?ienoaa, eioi?ia niiniaii ono?aieoue ?ioaoeeiiioth ianoaaeeueiinoue, iiaeaea?aeeaaoue oneeey eiii?annee iaaeaeo ioeiieaie, a oaeaea iaeaaeaao oaeaneiie/aneei yooaeoii, iicaieythuei iaaeaaeii oeene?iaaoue ioeiiee e ?aii aeoeaece?iaaoue aieueiuo. I?aaeeiaeaiiay iiaay iaoiaeeea ea/aiey ia?aeiiia oaeee aaae?aiiie einoe iicaieyao iaa?oaeaoue eiia/iinoue aua aei n?auaiey ia?aeiia, iieo/eoue o 87,1% iia?e?iaaiiuo aieueiuo oi?ioea e oaeiaeaoai?eoaeueiua ?acoeueoaou, a oaeaea cia/eoaeueii nie?aoeoue n?ie oeenaoeee ioeiieia. Eeth/aaua neiaa: ia?aeii oaeee aaae?aiiie einoe, o?aaiaoe/iinoue, inoaineioac, eiii?anney. SUMMARY Barkov Alexandr Vasilievich. Hip compression osteosynthesis for the treatment of the femoral neck fractures (experimental-clinic investigation). Manuscript of thesis for the Academic Degree of Candidate of Medical Science by speciality 14.01.21 — traumatology and orthopaedics. — Kharkov Research Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology named after M.I.Sitenko, Kharkov, 1999. 10 scientific publications and one Certificate of Authorship that focused on the results of experimental investigations and analysis of the sequences of the treatment of patients suffered from the femoral neck fractures, are maintained. The experimental investigations of the proximal parts of the femur taken from corpses exposed the presence of a duct in the femoral neck in front of the minor spit. The channel is oval-shaped and flattened on the anterior part. The special device for osteosynthesis of the femoral neck fractures has been designed. The range of the traumatic properties of the different fixators used for osteosynthesis of femoral neck fractures have been studied. The small-traumatic technology of the surgical treatment of the femoral neck fractures has been worked out. This method provides the optimal conditions for osteoreparation, allows to obtain a positive effect at 87,1% cases and reduce the consolidation terms. Key words: the femoral neck fracture, the range of the traumatic properties, osteosynthesis, compression. Aeena?oaoe??th ? ?oeiien. ?iaioa aeeiiaia o Oa?e?anueeiio iaoeiai-aeine?aeiiio ?inoeooo? i?oiiaae?? oa o?aaiaoieia?? ?i. i?io. I.?.Neoaiea IIC Oe?a?ie Iaoeiaee ea??aiee:Aeieoi? iaaee/ieo iaoe AI?EAeIAA E?ae?y Aeieo??aia Oa?e?anueeee iaoeiai-aeine?aeiee ?inoeooo ?i. i?io. I.?. Neoaiea, aieiaiee iaoeiaee ni?a?ia?oiee Io?oe?ei? iiiiaioe:Aeieoi? iaaee/ieo iaoeI?OAEAAA Ciy Ieoaee?aia Oa?e?anueeee iaoeiai-aeine?aeiee ?inoeooo ?i. i?io. I.?. Neoaiea, caa?aeoth/a eaai?aoi???th a?iiaoai?ee Aeieoi? iaaee/ieo iaoe, i?ioani?, Eao?aao Aea?aeaaii? i?ai?? Oe?a?ie, caneoaeaiee ae?y/ iaoee ? oaoi?ee Oe?a?ie EINEOOIA Ieaenaiae? ?aaaiiae/ Aei?i?iiao?ianueea aea?aeaaia iaaee/ia aeaaeai?y, caa?aeoaa/ eaoaae?e o?aaiaoieia??, i?oiiaae?? oa INA OII I?ia?aeia onoaiiaa:Oe?a?inueeee iaoeiai-aeine?aeiee ?inoeooo o?aaiaoieia?? oa i?oiiaae?? IIC Oe?a?ie, i. Ee?a Caoeno aeena?oaoe?? a?aeaoaeaoueny "___"____________ 1999 ?. ia 11.30 ia can?aeaii? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee Ae 64.607.01 Oa?e?anueeiai iaoeiai-aeine?aeiiai ?inoeoooo i?oiiaae?? oa o?aaiaoieia?? ?i. i?io. I.?.Neoaiea (310024, i. Oa?e?a, aoe. Iooe?inueea, 80). C aeena?oaoe??th iiaeia iciaeiieoenue a a?ae?ioaoe? Oa?e?anueeiai iaoeiai-aeine?aeiiai ?inoeoooo i?oiiaae?? oa o?aaiaoieia?? ?i. i?io. I.?.Neoaiea (310024, Oa?e?a, aoe. Iooe?inueea 80). Aaoi?aoa?ao ?ic?neaiee "___"_______________ 1999 ?. A/aiee nae?aoa? niaoe?ae?ciaaii? a/aii? ?aaee, aeieoi? iaaee/ieo iaoe A.I. ?aae/aiei

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